Toward a Philosophy of The <scp>W</scp>eb

Monnin, Alexandre; Halpin, Harry

doi:10.1111/j.1467-9973.2012.01764.x

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Tous les quatre étaient réunis dans(Monnin & Halpin, 2012), republié dans une version augmentée sous forme de livre dans(Halpin & Monnin, 2014). 58 Nous remercions chaleureusement Harry Halpin, Michael Wheeler et les éditeurs de l'American Philosophical Association Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers, et tout particulièrement Peter…”

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Philosophie du Web et Ingénierie des Connaissances

Monnin¹,

Declerck²

2014

intel

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Imagine a library of captioned images and a user who comes along and types in a word, phrase, or sentence asking for images. Today's software would have to do Boolean searches based on keywords in the query and the captions, perhaps broadening the search a bit by looking up synonyms in a thesaurus or definitions in a dictionary. Or consider the World Wide Web, whose keywordbased indexing is the only way to search through that immense information space. That's fine if you want to match 'A bird in water' against 'A duck in a pond', but it takes something like CYC to match 'A happy person' against 'A man watching his daughter take her first step'. CYC uses common sense to do matches of that sort. Similarly, CYC matched the query 'a strong and adventurous person' to a caption of 'a man climbing a rock face'. To do that, it used a few rules of the sort: 'If people do something for recreation that puts them at risk of bodily harm, then they are adventurous.' […] The key point here is that if you have the necessary common-sense knowledge-such as 'deadly pastimes suggest adventurousness'-then you can make the inference quickly and easily; if you lack it, you can't solve the problem at all. Ever » (Lenat, 1997) « L&F's [Lenat & Feigenbaum] system is liable to resemble nothing so much as an electric encyclopedia. No wonder its semantics will be derivative. Now it's possible, of course, that we might actually want an electric encyclopedia. In fact it might be a project worth pursuing-though it would require a major and revealing revision of both goals and procedure. Note that L&F, on the current design, retain only the formal data structures they generate, discarding the natural language articles, digests, etc., used in its preparation. Suppose, instead, they were to retain all those English entries, thick with connotation and ineffable significance, and use their data structures and inference engines as an active indexing scheme. Forget intelligence completely, in other words; take the project as one of constructing the world's largest hypertext system, with CYC functioning as a radically improved (and active) counterpart for the Dewey decimal system. Such a system might facilitate what numerous projects are struggling to implement: reliable, content-based searching and indexing schemes for massive textual databases, CYC's inference schemes would facilitate the retrieval of articles on related topics, or on the target subject matter using different vocabulary. And note, too, that it would exploit many current AI techniques, especially those of the

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Philosophie du Web et Ingénierie des Connaissances

Monnin¹,

Declerck²

2014

intel

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What Can a Medieval Friar Teach Us About the Internet? Deriving Criteria of Justice for Cyberlaw from Thomist Natural Law Theory

Dainow

2013

Philos. Technol.

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This paper applies a very traditional position within Natural Law Theory to Cyberspace. I shall first justify a Natural Law approach to Cyberspace by exploring the difficulties raised by the Internet to traditional principles of jurisprudence and the difficulties this presents for a Positive Law Theory account of legislation of Cyberspace. This will focus on issues relating to geography. I shall then explicate the paradigm of Natural Law accounts, the Treatise on Law, by Thomas Aquinas. From this account will emerge the structure of law and the metaphysics of justice. I shall explore those aspects of Cyberspace which cause geography to be problematic for Positive Law Theory, and show how these are essential, unavoidable and beneficial. I will then apply Aquinas's structure of law and metaphysics of justice to these characteristics. From this will emerge an alternative approach to cyberlaw which has no problem with the nature of Cyberspace as it is, but treats it as a positive foundation for new legal developments.

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Search for mathematical proof in the Web environment as a process of creative collective discovery

Vandoulakis

2016

SHS Web Conf.

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Abstract. Although cooperation and collective efforts have always played an important role in the process of scientific discovery, recent technological innovations, such as the Internet, facilitate and encourage cooperation and collective effort to an unprecedented degree. This applies to all fields of science, even mathematics, where the process of mathematical discovery has traditionally been considered as an individual affair. This perspective requires new research on the theoretical level, and reveals the importance of various aspects of the process of scientific discovery in relation to the issues of problem solving, discovery and creativity, which have not been studied sufficiently.

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Toward a Philosophy of The Web

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Philosophie du Web et Ingénierie des Connaissances

Philosophie du Web et Ingénierie des Connaissances

What Can a Medieval Friar Teach Us About the Internet? Deriving Criteria of Justice for Cyberlaw from Thomist Natural Law Theory

Search for mathematical proof in the Web environment as a process of creative collective discovery

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