“…Proposals. The direction of future research should focus on constructing LPIs pertaining to the following aspects of the MASS communication related to the software domain: drops in data transfer rate potentially caused by bandwidth limitations 99,104 and channels overflow; a quality of service parameters within wireless communications systems, like WiMAX, 101 especially uplink and downlink data rates, transmit-receive transition gap, or traffic ratios; data loss, data integrity issues, disconnection from the network in case of adverse weather, 99,112,113 environment, and propagation conditions, as well as accidents of random nature; level of interference -frequency usage with cognitive radio principles 87,117 for satellite and terrestrial communication systems, to avoid intentional and random interferences; signal latency. 103,114 Meanwhile, in the hardware domain of MASS systems, the following could be named as having a potential for use as LPI: constant monitoring and estimation of signal-tonoise ratio, 135 to control the quality of the radio channel, improve spectral efficiency, reduce possible transmission errors, system outages, and required transmission power; link attenuation 114 is considered as the frequency response of the propagation environment, at the utilized radio communication system frequencies; continuous acquisition and monitoring of synchronization parameters; 136 including timing and carrier synchronization; 137 a health loss indicator in standard exploitation of radio devices and other crucial equipment; 106 the output power level of transmitters 99,109 and communication range management 109 -cooperative shipping requires transmitting a radio signal with a lower power to other ships close to the base station and transmitting a stronger signal to ships in the far distance; antenna diagnostics 138 including radiation analysis, revision of physical aperture, and installation shielding; electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) parameters periodic/real-time on-board measurement for both electrical and electronic MASS equipment.…”