Toughness Evaluation of Blends of Polypropylene/Cross-Linked Rubber Using the High-Speed Puncture Test

Dao, K. C.

doi:10.1177/009524438301500403

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Rubber-thermoplastic blends using recycled rubber and PP have also been studied (3,10,(21)(22)(23) . The variations in blend properties against particle size of recycled rubber, blend composition, molecular weight of polypropylene, and processing conditions were investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Tyre Rubber/Waste Polypropylene Blends – Effect of Composition on Mechanical Properties

Egodage

Harper

Walpalage

2009

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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Ground tyre rubber (GTR) was blended with waste polypropylene (WPP) in nine different compositions to prepare GTR/WPP blends. The blends were prepared in a Haake Rheocord PolyLab system at a temperature of 180 °C and a rotor speed of 30 r/min for 8 min. The processing characteristics of the blends showed an increase in steady-state mixing torque with an increase in GTR content, suggesting an increased diffi culty in processability at GTR loadings above 30 wt.%. Morphological observations of the blends showed two-phase systems. The GTR was dispersed in a continuous WPP matrix in blends containing up to 60 wt.% GTR, and the size of the dispersed GTR agglomerants increased with GTR content. At 70 wt.%, the GTR dispersed phase changed to a continuous phase. Tensile strength, modulus, and tear resistance decreased with GTR content, while the elongation at break and the impact failure energy increased. All these properties remained relatively unchanged at low GTR contents, suggesting that a critical GTR level is required to obtain rubber-like properties in a simple rubber-thermoplastic blend.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground Tyre Rubber/Waste Polypropylene Blends – Effect of Composition on Mechanical Properties

Egodage

Harper

Walpalage

2009

Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology

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“…8, 9 Jang et al 8 studied the dependence MAPP had a positive effect on composite tensile strength and stiffness, but a negative effect on of the impact behavior of the PP on the rubber particle size and found that small particles were notched impact strength. They believed that the loss of impact strength may be caused by the inmore effective than larger particles for toughening PP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties and morphology of impact modified polypropylene-wood flour composites

Oksman

Clemons

1998

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

409

263

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ABSTRACT:The mechanical properties and morphology of polypropylene/wood flour (PP/WF) composites with different impact modifiers and maleated polypropylene (MAPP) as a compatibilizer have been studied. Two different ethylene/propylene/diene terpolymers (EPDM) and one maleated styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene triblock copolymer (SEBS-MA) have been used as impact modifiers in the PP/WF systems. All three elastomers increased the impact strength of the PP/WF composites but the addition of maleated EPDM and SEBS gave the greatest improvements in impact strength. Addition of MAPP did not affect the impact properties of the composites but had a positive effect on the composite unnotched impact strength when used together with elastomers. Tensile tests showed that MAPP had a negative effect on the elongation at break and a positive effect on tensile strength. The impact modifiers were found to decrease the stiffness of the composites. Scanning electron microscopy showed that maleated EPDM and SEBS had a stronger affinity for the wood surfaces than did the unmodified EPDM. The maleated elastomers are, therefore, expected to form a flexible interphase around the wood particles giving the composites better impact strength. MAPP further enhanced adhesion between WF and impact-modified PP systems. EPDM and EPDM-MA rubber domains were homogeneously dispersed in the PP matrix, the diameter of domains being between 0.1-1 mm.

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“…Rubber waste in powder form, including ground tyre rubber (GTR), has been incorporated into virgin commodity thermoplastics, such as polyethylene [2][3][4] and polypropylene (PP), [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] to produce rubber toughened thermoplastics. Polypropylene compared to polyethylene is lighter, has a higher rigidity and hardness and has a higher softening temperature meeting dimensional stability at higher temperature requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of maleimide curing on mechanical properties of ground tyre rubber/waste polypropylene blends

Egodage

Harper

Walpalage

2012

Plastics, Rubber and Composites

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Blends of ground tyre rubber and waste polypropylene with a maleimide curing system (50 : 50 blends of ground tyre rubber/waste polypropylene) were prepared in a Haake Rheocord Polylab System, at 180uC and 90 rev min -1 for 5 min. The curing agent and the activator used were N,N9meta-phenylene dimaleimide (HVA-2) and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene (DTBPIB) respectively. The HVA-2 level varied from 0 to 5 parts per hundred parts (pphp), while the DTBPIB level varied from 0 to 1 pphp. Melt viscosity, tensile strength and elongation at break showed an increase with HVA-2 content, while the impact energy showed an optimum at 3 pphp level. The addition of the DTBPIB increased melt viscosity further and produced a homogeneous phase morphology of the blends. Impact energy improved with the DTBPIB level, while elongation at break and tensile strength showed an optimum at 0?6 pphp. Swelling behaviour and gel/sol from the boiled xylene extractions were studied, and the results obtained were correlated with the impact and tensile properties.

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Toughness Evaluation of Blends of Polypropylene/Cross-Linked Rubber Using the High-Speed Puncture Test

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Ground Tyre Rubber/Waste Polypropylene Blends – Effect of Composition on Mechanical Properties

Ground Tyre Rubber/Waste Polypropylene Blends – Effect of Composition on Mechanical Properties

Mechanical properties and morphology of impact modified polypropylene-wood flour composites

Effect of maleimide curing on mechanical properties of ground tyre rubber/waste polypropylene blends

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