Tough Hydrogel Bioadhesives for Sutureless Wound Sealing, Hemostasis and Biointerfaces

Abstract

Hydrogel bioadhesion technology has offered unprecedented opportunities in minimally-invasive surgeries, which are routinely performed to reduce postoperative complication, recovery time, and patient discomfort. Existing hydrogelbased adhesives are challenged either by their inherent weak adhesion under wet and dynamic conditions, or potential immunological side-effects, especially for synthetic hydrogel bioadhesives. Here, a kind of synthetic hydrogel bioadhesives from a variety of polymer precursors are reported, featuring instant formation of tough biointerface, allowing for wet and robust adhesion with highly dynamic biological tissues. Moreover, by getting rid of monomers during the hydrogel fabrication, these hydrogel adhesives do not cause any inflammatory response during the in vivo wound sealing, promising for immediate vascular defects repairing and surgical hemostasis. Additionally, they could also serve as human-electronics interfacing materials, enabling bioelectronics implantation for real-time physiological and clinical monitoring.

Multi-crosslinking hydrogels with robust bio-adhesion and pro-coagulant activity for first-aid hemostasis and infected wound healing

“…S12c ), the burst pressure of H (P + T) was 130.3 ± 4.4 mmHg, which was significantly higher than that of the fibrin glue, H (Non-P) and H (P) ( P < 0.05). Notably, this was also remarkably higher than the normal systolic blood pressure (120 mmHg), making it more efficient for in vivo applications [ 42 ]. As confirmed by previous studies, through multi-crosslinking, the H (P + T) could attain the optimal bio-adhesion and cohesion, which has conferred a resistance to the blood pressure.…”

Hydrogel Bioadhesives with Extreme Acid‐Tolerance for Gastric Perforation Repairing

“…To achieve an instant and tough bioadhesion, our ATGels bioadhesives adopt the well-established dry crosslinking mechanism that exploits the synergetic contribution from non-covalent interactions (i.e., hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions) and covalent bonds between the NHS (adhesive side) and amine moieties (tissue side, Figure 1c). [17][18][19] Upon further hydration and adhesion on wet tissues, the ATGels dry films turn into hydrogel networks with desirable gastric tissue-like mechanical compliance. Moreover, due to the protonation of poly(acrylic acid) moieties in gastric fluids (pH of ≈1.0-3.0), swelling of the polymer brush layer is efficiently inhibited.…”

“…[9,11] Among these synthetic bioadhesives, hydrogel-based bioadhesives have emerged as one of the most promising approaches for sutureless wound sealing, particularly in emergency clinical settings, owing to their intrinsic similarity to tissues in the biological, mechanical, chemical, and physical aspects. [9,[11][12][13][14] Despite recent advancement in hydrogel-based adhesives for epidermal and/or in vivo wound sealing, such as DOPA-inspired hydrogels, [15,16] double-side tapes, [17][18][19] GelMA-based bioadhesive, [20,21] topological adhesion, [22] electrically-activated gelation, [23] dynamical host-guest hydrogels, [24,25] and poly(N-acryloyl-2-glycine)-based hydrogel, [26] only a few hydrogel bioadhesives have been successfully applied for gastric repairing. [14,[27][28][29] In cases of gastric perforations or defects with relatively small size, the tissue of the stomach can quickly update the gastric mucosa with the assistance of bioadhesives, thus spontaneously accelerating the gastric healing.…”

Bioinspired Injectable Self-Healing Hydrogel Sealant with Fault-Tolerant and Repeated Thermo-Responsive Adhesion for Sutureless Post-Wound-Closure and Wound Healing

“…Therefore, sutureless wound closure strategy, with less trauma and scar, less professional skill required and good patient compliance, has attracted lot of interests [7]. Rapid advances in materials science have shed lights on the design of biomedical functional materials [8][9][10][11], and various bioadhesives have been developed in recent years, which might be an ideal candidate for sutureless wound closure [12,13]. Existing tissue sealants are usually divided into natural and synthetic adhesives.…”