Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Some Malvaceae Family Species

Abstract

The antioxidant activity of four species of the Malvaceae family (Sidastrum micranthum (A. St.-Hil.) Fryxell, Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl, Sida rhombifolia (L.) E. H. L and Herissantia crispa L. (Brizicky)) were studied using the total phenolic content, DPPH radical scavenging activity and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The antioxidant activity of the crude extract, phases and two isolated flavonoids, kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (lespedin) and kaempferol 3-O-β-D-(6''-E-p-coumaroil) glucopyranoside (tiliroside) was determined. The results showed that there is a strong correlation between total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity of the crude extract of Sidastrum micranthum and Wissadula periplocifolia; however, this was not observed between Sida rhombifolia and Herissantia crispa. The ethyl acetate (EaF) phase showed the best antioxidant effect in the total phenolics, DPPH and TEAC assays, followed by the chloroform (CfF) phase, in most species tested. Lespedin, isolated from the EaF phase of W. periplocifolia and H. crispa may not be responsible for the antioxidant activity due to its low antioxidant activity (IC50: DPPH: 1,019.92 ± 68.99 mg/mL; TEAC: 52.70 ± 0.47 mg/mL); whereas tiliroside, isolated from W. periplocifolia, H. crispa and S. micrantum presented a low IC50 value (1.63 ± 0.86 mg/mL) compared to ascorbic acid in the TEAC assay.

Evaluating the Effect of Gamma Radiation on the Total Phenolic Content, Flavonoids, and Antioxidant Activity of Dried Pleurotus ostreatus ((Jacq. ex. Fr) Kummer) Stored in Packaging Materials

“…In terms of packaging material suitability, there was no significant ( > 0.05) difference between polythene and polypropylene. The flavonoid concentrations of P. ostreatus were found to be lower than works of some authors [55][56][57]. Nonetheless, the values recorded were higher than and were contrary to works of [57,58] who found no flavonoids in P. ostreatus as they investigated the comparative phytochemical, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties and also, contents of vitamins, mineral elements, and some phenolic compounds in cultivated mushrooms, respectively.…”

Assessment of Antioxidant Activity and Neuroprotective Capacity on PC12 Cell Line ofFrankenia thymifoliaand Related Phenolic LC-MS/MS Identification

“…The highest recovery of TPC was observed in ethyl acetate fraction reaching up to 221 and 308 mg GAE/g in aerial part and root, respectively, while the lower recovery was observed in hexane fraction (13 mg of GAE/g for aerial parts and 55 mg of GAE/g for roots). However, given the low polarity of EtOAc (polarity index 4.4) when compared with butanol, methanol (5.1), or water (polarity index 9), it seems logical to suppose that the highest recovery of TPC by using EtOAc was presumably due to its high molecular weight (88 g/moL) which enable it to easily extract about the same molecular weight following the concept “like dissolves like.” Fernandes de Oliveira et al [18] reported that ethyl acetate phase of Sidastrum micranthum (Malvaceae) had the highest content of TPC (177.44 mg of GAE/g) compared to other phases such as butanol, water, dichloromethane, and hexane. These data highlight that the solubility of the phenolics is governed by solvent polarity, degree of polymerization of phenolics, and the part of the plant used [19].…”

“…The EtOAc fraction is still the most active with 282 and 821 mg  of TE/g of E for aerial parts and roots, respectively. Fernandes de Oliveira et al [18] also found that the EtOAc fraction of Sida rhombifolia (Malvaceae family) exhibits the highest antiradical activity as compared to hexane, dichloromethane, butanol, and water fractions. Anagnostopoulou et al [20] showed also that the higher radical scavenging activities were found for the ethyl acetate fraction of sweet orange peel ( Citrus sinensis ).…”

Antioxidant Capacity Determination in Plants and Plant-Derived Products: A Review

“…The ethyl acetate phase exhibited the best total phenolics content, as well as antioxidant capacity in DPPH and TEAC assays, followed by the chloroform phase. To lespedin, present in the ethyl acetate phase of W. periplocifolia and H. crispa , no significant antioxidant activity has been ascribed (IC 50 : DPPH: 1,019.92 ± 68.99 mg/mL; TEAC: 52.70 ± 0.47 mg/mL); tiliroside, isolated from W. periplocifolia , H. crispa , and S. micranthum , had small IC 50 (1.63 ± 0.86 mg/mL), proving better antioxidant capacity as provided by TEAC method [213]. …”