Total Oxidant Scavenging Capacities of Common European Fruit and Vegetable Juices

Lichtenthäler, Ramona; Marx, Friedhelm

doi:10.1021/jf0307550

Cited by 93 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Content of total phenols in apple juice was lesser ranging from 331 mg/l in Selena variety up to 697 mg/l in Melodie variety. Lichtenhäler and Marx (2005) evaluated total oxidant scavenging capacity of apple juices in comparison with common European fruit and vegetable juices as average for hydroxyl radicals and apple, tomato, carrot, and sauerkraut juices were classified into the group with even lower antioxidant capacities against peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite. Thielen et al (2004) also confirmed a huge variation of polyphenol amounts (89-437 mg/l) and Kahle et al (2005) estimated 154-178 mg/l for dessert apple juices, whereas for "old" German cider apple va-rieties 261-970 mg/l were determined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Lachman¹,

Šulc²,

Sus³

et al. 2006

Hortic. Sci.

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Polyphenols are important antioxidant constituents of apples and they contribute positively to human health because they possess an antiradical activity. Fifteen apple varieties were analysed for their total polyphenol content (TP) by two methods -by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent (FC) and by EBC method with carboxylmethylcellulose/sodium ethylendiamintetraacetate (CMC/EDTA) and their antiradical activity (ARA) by DPPH method using stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·). TP and ARA were determined in freshly expressed apple juice and apples and obtained results were statistically evaluated. The differences between varieties were significant. The correlation between TP content determined by FC method determining all free aromatic hydroxyls and EBC method determining mainly ortho-aromatic hydroxyls was found with r = 0.73. The highest differences among analysed varieties were found for ARA values in both, juice and apples and for TP content determined by FC in apples. High polyphenol content was found in Jonagold, Jonalord, Melodie and Melrose varieties both, in apples and juices; on the contrary low TP contents were estimated in Gloster and Rosana varieties. The highest ARA levels were found in Rajka, Bohemia and Melrose varieties, compared to low ARA levels found in apple fruits of Šampion and Topaz varieties. phenolic acids, and flavonoids and correlated well with polyphenols and flavonoids (0.9207) (Leontowicz et al. 2003). Also Lee et al. (2003) confirm that flavonoids such as quercetin, epicatechin, and procyanidin B-2 rather than vitamin C contribute significantly to the total antioxidant activity of apples. A highly linear relationship (R 2 > 0.97) was attained between concentrations and total antioxidant capacity of phenolics and vitamin C. Among individual compounds the estimated contribution of major phenolics and vitamin C to the total antioxidant capacity of 100 g of fresh apples expressed in vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC) was: quercetin (40.39) > epicatechin (23.10) > procyanidin B-2 (22.07) > vitamin C (12.80) > phloretin (9.11) > chlorogenic acid (8.75). In apples five major polyphenolic groups with the total of sixteen individual compounds were found, among which the dihydroxycinnamic acid esters, phloretin glycosides, and flavan-3-ols were found in both flesh and peel, whereas quercetin glycosides were almost exclusively found in the peel (Tsao et al. 2003). In both apple peel and flesh, the predominant group of polyphenolics was the procyanidins, followed by quercetin glycosides in the peel and hydroxycinnamic acid esters in the flesh. Compared to the pulp of the apples, skin-extracts show a higher antioxidant potential (Schirrmacher, Schempp 2003). Wolfe et al. (2003) confirmed that within each variety, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly the highest in the peels, followed by the flesh. As Chinnici et al. (2004) discovered, among the single classes of compounds, procyanidins (in peels and pulps) and flavonols (in peels) statisti...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Lachman¹,

Šulc²,

Sus³

et al. 2006

Hortic. Sci.

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“…quercetin), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), and other polyphenols have extremely effective antioxidant properties. 30 It has been increasingly appreciated that drinking BRJ promotes healthy benefits to cardiovascular system. Clinical studies in hypertensive patients showed that chronic ingestion of BRJ significantly lowered blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beetroot juice reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function following ischemia–reperfusion injury: Possible involvement of endogenous H₂S

Salloum

Sturz

Yin

et al. 2014

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Ingestion of high dietary nitrate in the form of beetroot juice (BRJ) has been shown to exert antihypertensive effects in humans through increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels. Since enhanced cGMP protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury through upregulation of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), we tested the hypothesis that BRJ protects against I/R injury via H 2 S. Adult male CD-1 mice received either regular drinking water or those dissolved with BRJ powder (10 g/L, containing $0.7 mM nitrate). Seven days later, the hearts were explanted for molecular analyses. Subsets of mice were subjected to I/R injury by occlusion of the left coronary artery for 30 min and reperfusion for 24 h. A specific inhibitor of H 2 S producing enzymecystathionine-g-lyase (CSE), DL-propargylglycine (PAG, 50 mg/kg) was given i.p. 30 min before ischemia. Myocardial infarct size was significantly reduced in BRJ-fed mice (15.8 AE 3.2%) versus controls (46.5 AE 3.5%, mean AE standard error [SE], n ¼ 6/group, P < .05). PAG completely blocked the infarct-limiting effect of BRJ. Moreover, BRJ significantly preserved ventricular function following I/R. Myocardial levels of H 2 S and its putative protein target -vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) were significantly increased by BRJ intake, whereas CSE mRNA and protein content did not change. Interestingly, the BRJ-induced cardioprotection was not associated with elevated blood nitrate-nitrite levels following I/R nor induction of cardiac peroxiredoxin 5, a mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme previously linked to nitrate-induced cardioprotection. We conclude that BRJ ingestion protects against post-I/R myocardial infarction and ventricular dysfunction possibly through CSE-mediated endogenous H 2 S generation. BRJ could be a promising natural and inexpensive nutraceutical supplement to reduce cardiac I/R injury in patients.

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“…The epidemiological studies have shown that the diet with high fruits and vegetables has potential to protect the human body against Reactive Oxygen Species mediated damage. In the recent years the investigations have indicated that the antioxidant properties of the fruits and vegetables are due to presence of high amounts of known antioxidants such as polyphenols, vitamin C, vitamin E, -carotene, and lycopene [21]. Besides possessing antioxidant properties, ascorbic acid (vitamin C) also plays a key role in collagen biosynthesis, iron absorption, immune response activation, wound healing, and osteogenesis [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective Effect ofCitrus limonFruit Extract against Carbofuran Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats

Jaiswal

Gupta

Siddiqi

et al. 2015

Chinese Journal of Biology

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Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol methylcarbamate), is known to induce oxidative stress and to cause inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity. The present work was envisaged to evaluate the effect of carbofuran on redox indices and its interactions with hepatic markers in rat. The ameliorating effect of Citrus limon fruit extract on carbofuran induced toxicity was also monitored. The results indicated that carbofuran treatment caused significant alterations in the levels of activities of AST, ALT, and LDH in liver tissues and serum. The levels of enzymatic oxidative stress markers such as SOD and catalase and nonenzymatic redox molecules such as total thiol, GSH, and protein thiol also showed significant perturbations in rat liver due to carbofuran treatment. The administration of Citrus limon fruit extract, however, was able to markedly ameliorate the toxicity of carbofuran by protecting the levels of aforesaid biomarkers to near normal levels. The ameliorative effect of Citrus limon fruit extract may be due to the presence of different antioxidants in it which may neutralize the ROS and RNS generated in the body tissue due to pesticide stress. These results suggested that Citrus limon fruit extract may be utilized as a potential supplement in proper management of pesticide intoxication in association with relevant therapeutics.

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Total Oxidant Scavenging Capacities of Common European Fruit and Vegetable Juices

Cited by 93 publications

References 40 publications

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Beetroot juice reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function following ischemia–reperfusion injury: Possible involvement of endogenous H₂S

Hepatoprotective Effect ofCitrus limonFruit Extract against Carbofuran Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats

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Total Oxidant Scavenging Capacities of Common European Fruit and Vegetable Juices

Cited by 93 publications

References 40 publications

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Polyphenol content and antiradical activity in different apple varieties

Beetroot juice reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function following ischemia–reperfusion injury: Possible involvement of endogenous H2S

Hepatoprotective Effect ofCitrus limonFruit Extract against Carbofuran Induced Toxicity in Wistar Rats

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Beetroot juice reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function following ischemia–reperfusion injury: Possible involvement of endogenous H₂S