Total metal levels in crayfish Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823), and surface sediments in Lake Terkos, Turkey

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the total metal accumulation (aluminium, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium and iron) in different organs and eggs of Astacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) and sediments total metal contents (aluminium, copper, manganese, lead, cadmium, iron, zinc, chromium, nickel) in Lake Terkos. Water and sediment samples were collected from two stations at two different depths (1 and 2 m) of Lake Terkos in May 2008. Crayfish samples were collected by trammel net at the same region. Primary hydrographic conditions, such as temperature (13.6-19.4 degrees C), salinity (0.27-0.34 per thousand), dissolved oxygen (7.04-12.30 mg l(-1)) and pH (7.42-8.51), were recorded for each sampling point. Moreover, the total organic carbon (1.65-5.44%) and the total calcium carbonate contents (19.44-41.16%) of sediment samples were determined. According to the Turkish Food Codex (J Zool 26:283-288, 2002), the maximum allowable Pb and Cd levels in crayfish are 0.5 mg/kg wet weight. Accordingly, the Pb and Cd levels determined in A. leptodactylus samples are below this limit. However, when compared with the acceptable metal limits defined by WHO, Australian National Health and Medical Research Council and Ministry of Agriculture in United Kingdom (UK), it is clear that the Cu level is at the limit and the Cd results exceed the limit. When the metal contents in sediment samples from Lake Terkos are examined, it is seen that the Al, Fe, Mn, Ni and Cu contents are lower while Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb contents are higher than the crustal average values. The high values draw attention to the land-based domestic and industrial inputs. Lake Terkos sediments have high enrichment factors (EF) of Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb metals which corroborate this result. The low EFs of Fe, Ni and Cu are due to the natural (terrigeneous) inputs. Additionally, there is no Al, Fe, Ni and Cu metal enrichment in these lake sediments because of the low contamination factor (CF) values. However, it is moderately contaminated by Zn, Cr and Pb, and heavily contaminated by Cd.

Tissue Distribution and Correlation Profiles of Heavy-Metal Accumulation in the Freshwater Crayfish Astacus leptodactylus

“…Similar associations are present between Mn and both Cd and Pb in female muscle tissue. Kurun et al reported the Mn-Al correlation coefficient to be ?0.79 in a study performed on Astacus leptodactylus (Terkos Lake) (Kurun et al 2010). In the present study, correlation coefficients of Mn-Al in muscle tissue were found to be similar (?0.745 for male and ?0.675 for female specimens), whereas no correlation was observed in hepatopancreas tissue for both sexes; a weak positive Mn-Al correlation was present in The component group (group 1 or group 2, respectively) to which the variable in question belongs exoskeleton and gill for male specimens, but no such correlation was detected in those tissues for the female cohort.…”

“…Although previous studies have reported the trends of metal accumulation on this species, accumulation effects of each metal on the accumulation trends of other metals has still not been elucidated on this species and even in crayfish in general (Guner 2007;Naghshbandi et al 2007;Kurun et al 2010). The purpose of this study therefore was to understand the accumulation and correlation trends of several metals and a metalloid, with emphasis placed on the relative accumulation rates of metal isotopes.…”

Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation in Tissues of Spiny-Cheek Crayfish (Orconectes limosus) from Lake Gopło: Effect of Age and Sex

“…It could explain the reduced amount of Mn in the exoskeleton of females in comparison with males. Kurun et al (2010), Protasowicki et al (2013) and Tunca et al (2013b) confirmed lower amounts of Mn in the muscle of females than males. Our analyses of spiny-cheek crayfish indicated a higher concentration of Hg was detected in the muscle (Table 4) but gender dependent differences were only observed for exoskeleton tissues (Table 5).…”

Interactions between metals accumulated in the narrow-clawed crayfishAstacus leptodactylus(Eschscholtz, 1823) in Dikilitaş Lake, Turkey

“…[14,15] As such, different tissues may be found to accumulate higher concentrations of the same metal in different studies. [16,17] Sex is another factor altering the accumulation trends of metals and may be particularly important during the reproductive season. Female crayfish of different species were found to accumulate less As, Ni and Cd in their gills when tested during the reproductive season, [16,18] which may suggest that these metals are sequestered within the eggs.…”