Total-internal-reflection electro-optic diffraction deflector/modulator

Scibor-Rylski, M.T.V.

doi:10.1049/el:19730222

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Modulation characteristics of electro-optic devices with periodically spaced electrode configurations have been studied recently in some detail (St Ledger and Ash 1968, Nishiwaki et al 1973, Scibor-Rylski 1973, Ramachandran and Palmer 1974, Gavraladis and Palmer 1978. In these devices, a periodic array of electrodes is deposited on a suitably selected face of an electro-optic crystal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic resonance in interdigitally electroded electro-optic devices

Ramachandran

1979

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Grating based electro-optic modulators exhibit acoustic resonances. The performance of a device whose operation is based on the electro-optic variations of the refractive index may be affected by the piezoelectric resonances when operated with AC signals. The author isolates the causes of these observed acoustic resonances and describes simple experimental procedures adopted to suppress them without affecting the modulation characteristics of the device.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic resonance in interdigitally electroded electro-optic devices

Ramachandran

1979

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…There has been recent interest shown in the diffraction type electro-optic deflectors and modulators in which interdigital electrode structures are used to produce a fringing field penetrating into the crystal (De Barros and Wilson 1972, Scibor-Rylski 1973, Ramachandran et a1 1975, Ramachandran and Palmer 1976. This fringing field periodically changes the index of refraction of the crystal, thus causing a phase grating to appear inside the medium.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incident optical beam may be allowed to experience the intense electric field region either by reflecting it off the crystal electrode interface (Scibor-Rylski 1973, Ramachandran et a1 1975, 1976 or by passing the light parallel to and in the close vicinity of the electroded face (De Barros andWilson 1972, Nishiwaki 1973).…”

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confidence: 99%

Electric field intensity distributions inside a LiNbO₃crystal with different interdigital electrode configurations

Ramachandran

1978

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The variations of the electric field intensity inside Z-cut and Y-cut LiNbO3 crystals with interdigital electrode structures are computed on the AC and DC modes. Experimental observations show that with an internal reflection modulator constructed from a Z-cut crystal, the voltage required for a given modulation is less when operated in the DC mode than when operated in the AC mode. The nature of the field intensity distribution, however, suggests that when the parallel transmission arrangement is used the reverse condition is achieved when the distance between the optical beam and the electrode plane is smaller than a quarter of the electrode pitch.

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“…The development of the diffraction-type, electro-optic modulator, utilizing the active crystal lithium niobate, has been described reasonably comprehensively in the literature (Ramachandran and Palmer 1974, Scibor-Rylski 1973, St Ledger and Ash 1968). In the arrangements described, interdigital electrodes were placed on the crystal base and light reflected from this base.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%