Total esterase measurement in saliva of pigs: Validation of an automated assay, characterization and changes in stress and disease conditions

Tecles, Fernando; Contreras-Aguilar, María Dolores; Martínez-Miró, Silvia; Tvarijonaviciute, Asta; Martı́nez-Subiela, Silvia; Escribano, Damián; Cerón, José J.

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.04.007

Cited by 31 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Tecles et al . [ 22 ] reported the total esterase (hydrolyses water-soluble short acyl chain esters) activity (75.25 ± 2.80−323.65 ± 6.30 U/ l ) in the porcine saliva, a similar enzyme to that of lipase which specifically hydrolyses water-insoluble long chain triacylglycerols. Huang et al [ 10 ] also reported the concentration of K + (1.21−1.35 mM), and Ca +2 (0.34−0.70 mM), in the porcine saliva.…”

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An efficient method for saliva collection from mature pigs to determine their enzymatic and electrolytic profiles

Akhtar

Jafarikia

Sullivan³

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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In this study, a novel ‘rope-assisted swab method’ for the collection of saliva samples from 45 adult pigs was established and validated. This method was efficient for harvesting 2 milliliters or more of saliva from each of the pigs for subsequent analyses within two min. The amount of α-amylase and lipase in the collected saliva samples was between 38−6,655 and 2−52 U/l, respectively. For HCO3− and electrolytes, the range was between 9−40, 15−76, 4.3−48.5 and 7−65 mM for HCO3−, Na+, K+ and Cl−, respectively. No significant differences in the enzymatic and electrolytic profiles were observed among sows with a high average litter size (SHA), sows with a low average litter size (SLA) and non-pregnant gilts (NPG) in this study. Our work reveals the efficiency of this collection method for mature pigs, and enzymatic and electrolytic profiling of saliva, which may be a useful reference for multiple diagnostic applications.

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confidence: 99%

An efficient method for saliva collection from mature pigs to determine their enzymatic and electrolytic profiles

Akhtar

Jafarikia

Sullivan³

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…It participated in several functions such as ion transport, secretory processes and saliva production, regulation of the pH and buffering capacity of the saliva [ 33 ], olfaction and taste [ 34 , 35 ]. A relationship between its secretion and the sympathetic nervous system has been reported [ 34 ]; although no increase was detected in pigs after acute stress [ 36 ] but in pigs with systemic disease [ 17 ].…”

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Influence of different sample preparation strategies on the proteomic identification of stress biomarkers in porcine saliva

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThe influence of two different sample treatments comprising the enrichment of glycoproteins by boronic acid and dynamic range compression by hexapeptide libraries, on the detection of stress markers in saliva of pigs was evaluated in this study. For this purpose, saliva samples collected before and after the application of an acute stress model consisting of nasal restraining in pigs were processed without any treatment and with the two different treatments mentioned above. Protein separation by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) followed by identification of proteins using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry (MS) was used as proteomic technique.ResultsThe application of each of the two different sample treatment protocols allowed the identification of unique proteins that could be potential salivary acute stress markers in pigs: lipocalin 1, protein S100-A8 and immunoglobulin M by enrichment of glycoproteins; protein S100-A9, double headed protease inhibitor submandibular gland, and haemoglobin by dynamic range compression; and protein S100-A12 by both protocols. Salivary lipocalin, prolactin inducible protein, light chain of immunoglobulins, adenosine deaminase and carbonic anhydrase VI were identified as potential markers in untreated saliva as well as one of the other treatments.ConclusionThe use of different procedures allowed the detection of different potential stress markers. Although from a practical point of view, the use of saliva without further treatment as well as the enrichment of glycoproteins are less expensive and easy to do procedures.

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“…number 3.2.1.1) is related to sympathetic activation both in humans [ 15 ] and pigs [ 6 , 13 ]. In addition, increases in salivary total esterase activity (TEA) have been associated with acute stress and physical exercise in humans [ 16 ] and pigs [ 18 ]. In pigs, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, E.C 3.1.1.8) and lipase (E.C.…”

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“…In pigs, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, E.C 3.1.1.8) and lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) are among the main components of TEA and both increase after stress conditions [ 17 , 18 ]. On the other hand, TEA, lipase or adenosine deaminase (ADA, E.C.…”

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Stability of selected enzymes in saliva of pigs under different storage conditions: a pilot study

Escribano

Contreras-Aguilar

Tvarijonaviciute

et al. 2018

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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Stability of α-amylase (α-A), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), lipase, adenosine deaminase (ADA) and total esterase activity (TEA) in two pools of porcine saliva was studied after 1 and 4 days at 4°C, and after 30, 90 and 360 days at −20° and −80°C. At 4°C, BChE, lipase and TEA were stable less than 1 day, α-A less than 4 days and ADA for up to 4 days. At −20°C, BChE and TEA were stable less than 30 days, α-A and lipase less than 90 days and ADA up to 360 days. At −80°C, TEA was stable less than 30 days, α-A and lipase less than 360 days, and BChE and ADA for up to 360 days.

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Total esterase measurement in saliva of pigs: Validation of an automated assay, characterization and changes in stress and disease conditions

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

An efficient method for saliva collection from mature pigs to determine their enzymatic and electrolytic profiles

An efficient method for saliva collection from mature pigs to determine their enzymatic and electrolytic profiles

Influence of different sample preparation strategies on the proteomic identification of stress biomarkers in porcine saliva

Stability of selected enzymes in saliva of pigs under different storage conditions: a pilot study

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