Torrefaction and carbonization of refuse derived fuel: Char characterization and evaluation of gaseous and liquid emissions

Nobre, Catarina; Alves, Octávio; Longo, Andrei; Vilarinho, Cândida; Gonçalves, Margarida

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121325

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Meanwhile, this type of RDF can be further processed to become pellet. The pellet then can undergo various thermal processes, such as carbonization or torrefaction for cleaner and higher-grade solid fuel product ( Nobre et al., 2019b ). Otherwise, RDF is changed into other types of fuel or energy through thermal processes, such as pyrolysis or gasification ( Miskolczi et al., 2011 ).…”

Section: Cmw Thermochemical Treatment Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Thermochemical conversion or upgrading Main product features Oxidizing agent Temp. range ( °C) Ref Torrefaction Heat and high calorific char with low calcium and chlorine content Basically in the absence of oxygen 300–400 ( Nobre et al., 2019b ; Nobre et al., 2019c ) Hydrothermal carbonization Heat and high calorific char with low ash and chlorine content 200–300 ( Nobre et al., 2019 ) pyrolysis (with or without catalyst) gasses (h 2 , ch 4 , c n h m , co, and co 2 ), pyrolytic oil, and solid (charcoal, char) Absence of oxygen and/or steam 350–600 ( Miskolczi et al., 2011 ) Gasification Synthetic gasses (CO, H 2 , CH 4 , C n H m , and CO 2 ) The oxygen is less than its stoichiometric value, steam as very potential oxidizing agent (adjusting H 2 /CO ratio) 800–850 ( Nobre et al., 2020 ) Plasma gasification Flammable/synthetic natural gasses (CO, H 2 , CH 4 , C n H m , and CO 2 Steam is generally used as oxidant and adjuster of H 2 /CO ratio 700–1200 ( Materazzi et al., 2016 ; Kabalina et al., 2016 ) Incineration (combustion) Heat, CO 2 , and H 2 O Oxygen is higher than its stoichiometric value Higher than 800 …”

Section: Cmw Thermochemical Treatment Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes

Purnomo

Kurniawan

Aziz

2021

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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Section: Cmw Thermochemical Treatment Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cmw Thermochemical Treatment Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes

Purnomo

Kurniawan

Aziz

2021

Resources, Conservation and Recycling

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“…Compared to pyrolysis, the char by torrefaction usually possesses a higher energy content with increased stability (without undergoing further microbial degradation) [55]. The char can be applied as good-quality fuel for co-firing in combustion, pollutant adsorption in water treatment and soil remediation [56]. Recent research primarily addressed exploration of the char properties after torrefaction of homogeneous biomass.…”

Section: Gasification Pyrolysis and Torrefactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review: emerging bioeconomy and waste-to-energy technologies for sustainable municipal solid waste management

Tsui

Wong

2019

Waste Dispos. Sustain. Energy

130

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Municipal solid waste (MSW) management has emerged as probably the most pressing issue many governments nowadays are facing. Traditionally, Waste-to-Energy(WtE) is mostly associated with incineration, but now, with the emergence of the bioeconomy, it embraces a broader definition comprising any processing technique that can generate electricity/heat or produce a waste-derived fuel. Under the ambit of the circular economy many nations are looking for, additional effort must be made to be sure of acquiring the most updated information and paving a sustainable path for managing MSW in such a frame. In this regard, we have undertaken a critical review of various technologies, with their updated progress, involved in the exploitation of MSW as a renewable resource, along with the critical advantages and limitations on energy and material cycling for sustainable MSW management. Incineration, the most widely used method, is nowadays difficult to further apply due to its dubious reputation and social opposition. Meanwhile, to address the organic fraction of MSW which currently is mostly unrecycled and causes disposal issues, the biological approach presents an attractive option. The new emphasis of bioeconomy leads us to understand how environmental biotechnologies should be better connected/integrated for more sustainable MSW management. This article is concluded with advances of future prospects, which can serve as a timely reminder to encourage competent authorities/researchers to work towards further improvement of the present MSW management system.

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“…At the end of the work, they presented their results in four steps for different phase changes. Nobre et al [23] made an analysis on emission due to combustion of RDF without any dangerous or poison material. They warmed up to RDF species up to 300 ᵒ C and 400 ᵒ C for 30 minutes At the end of analysis, they obtained CO 2 and CO as emission but CH 4 was occurred just for 400 °C .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal analysis of different Refuse Derived Fuels samples

Ayas

Oztop

2021

THERM SCI

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As a result of the activities carried out by people to maintain their daily lives in different places such as homes, hospitals, hotels or workplaces, waste consisting of furniture, paint, batteries, food waste, sachets, bottles, fabrics, and fibers with the heterogeneous structure is called Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Secondary fuels with higher heating value, which are generated by recycling of non-recyclable and reusable wastes in municipal solid wastes, are called as Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF). In this study, Refuse Derived Fuel1 (RDF1 : taken in December, winter season) and Refuse Derived Fuel2 (RDF2 : taken in June, summer season) samples obtained from different dates were used. The ultimate, proximate, calorific value, X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis were performed for these samples. Combustion characterization from Refuse Derived Fuel samples was investigated in the applied analyzes. The results of the content analysis made were examined separately and compared with the Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Thermal Analysis combustion graph curves. It was revealed that the Refuse Derived Fuel1 sample had a better combustion compared to the Refuse Derived Fuel2 sample, as the ash amount and content obtained as a result of the combustion also supported other data. In addition, the results of the analysis show how different the Refuse Derived Fuel samples taken from the same region in two different months are different from each other.

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Torrefaction and carbonization of refuse derived fuel: Char characterization and evaluation of gaseous and liquid emissions

Cited by 35 publications

References 43 publications

Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes

Technological review on thermochemical conversion of COVID-19-related medical wastes

A critical review: emerging bioeconomy and waste-to-energy technologies for sustainable municipal solid waste management

Thermal analysis of different Refuse Derived Fuels samples

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