Topology of “white stars” in the relativistic fragmentation of light nuclei

Abstract

In the present paper, experimental observations of the multifragmentation processes of light relativistic nuclei carried out by means of emulsions are reviewed. Events of the type of "white" stars in which the dissociation of relativistic nuclei is not accompanied by the production of mesons and the target-nucleus fragments are considered.A distinctive feature of the charge topology in the dissociation of the Ne, Mg, Si, and S nuclei is an almost total suppression of the binary splitting of nuclei to fragments with charges higher than 2. The growth of the nuclear fragmentation degree is revealed in an increase in the multiplicity of singly and doubly charged fragments with decreasing charge of the non-excited part of the fragmenting nucleus.The processes of dissociation of stable Li, Be, B, C, N, and O isotopes to charged fragments were used to study special features of the formation of systems consisting of the lightest α, d, and t nuclei. Clustering in form of the 3 He nucleus can be detected in "white" stars via the dissociation of neutron-deficient Be, B, C, and N isotopes.

‘‘Tomography’’ of the Cluster Structure of Light Nuclei via Relativistic Dissociation

“…An emulsion chamber is assembled as a stack of pellicles 550 mµ thick and 10×20 cm 2 in size ( for the relativistic nuclei 16 O, 22 Ne, 24 Mg, 28 Si and 32 S are summarized in [46].…”

Secondary nuclear fragment beams for investigations of relativistic fragmentation of light radioactive nuclei using nuclear photoemulsion at Nuclotron

“…In spite of seeming obsoleteness an emulsion stack owning to the best spatial resolution stays a modern low cost tabletop 4π-detector for a set of relativistic nuclear physics processes (f.e. [7]). According to the program a series of emulsion exposures were carried out both in primary beams ( 10,11 B, 14 N) and in secondary fragment beams enriched with 3 H / 6 He, 7,9 Be, 9,10 C, 8 B and 12 N nuclei.…”

“…Primary nuclei beams interacted with a target placed at the f3 point. At resent experiments projectiles were6,7 Li, 10 B, 12 C at momenta of 1.7−2.7A GeV/c. Polyethylene targets of 4−8 cm in thickness were used.III.…”

Dissociation of Relativistic Nuclei in Peripheral Interactions in Nuclear Track Emulsion

“…Emulsions exposed to relativistic 14 N and 11 B isotopes are being analyzed with the aim to study clustering of these types. A 3 He clustering in 7 Be relativistic excitation is demostrated [14,22]. The next round of research, as to whether this kind of nuclear clustering is revealed in light neutron-deficient nuclei like 8 B and 9,10,11 C is in progress now at the JINR Nuclotron [23].…”

“…The charge topology of the relativistic fragmentation of N, O, Ne, Mg and Si nuclei in peripheral interactions in emulsion is presented in [2,3,12,13,14]. A special feature of the excitation increase in this group of nuclei consists in the growth of the multiplicity of the He and H nuclei with decreasing charge of the only fragment with Z>3.…”