: We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interactions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projectile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of critical exponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are investigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents γ, β and τ and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed .
The results of investigations of the dissociation of a 14 N nucleus of momentum 2.86 A GeV/c in photo-emulsion are presented. The main characteristics of these reactions, that is the cross sections for various fragmentation channels, are given. The fragmentation was analyzed by means of an invariant approach. The momentum and correlation characteristics of α particles for the 14 N→3α+X channel in the laboratory system and the rest systems of 3α particles were considered.The results obtained for the 14 N nucleus are compared with similar data for the 12 C and 16 O nuclei.
Nuclei of 7 Li were accelerated at the JINR Nuclotron. After the charge-exchange reaction involving these nuclei at an external target a second 7 Be beam of energy 1.23A GeV was formed.This beam was used to expose photo-emulsion chambers. The mean free path for inelastic 7 Be interactions in emulsion λ=14.0±0.8 cm coincides within the errors with those for 6 Li and 7 Li nuclei.More than 10% of the 7 Be events are associated with the peripheral interactions in which the total charge of the relativistic fragments is equal to the charge of the 7 Be and in which charged mesons are not produced. An unusual ratio of the isotopes is revealed in the composition of the doubly charged 7 Be fragments: the number of 3 He fragments is twice as large as that of 4 He fragments.In 50% of peripheral interactions, a 7 Be nucleus decays to two doubly charged fragments. The present paper gives the channels of the 7 Be fragmentation to charged fragments. In 50% of events, the 7 Be fragmentation proceeds only to charged fragments involving no emission of neutrons. Of them, the 3 He+ 4 He channel dominates, the 4 He+d+p and 6 Li+p channels constitute 10% each.Two events involving no emission of neutrons are registered in the 3-body 3 He+t+p and 3 He+d+d channels. The mean free path for the coherent dissociation of relativistic 7 Be nuclei to 3 He+ 4 He is 7±1 m. The particular features of the relativistic 7 Be fragmentation in such peripheral interactions are explained by the 3 He+ 4 He 2-cluster structure of the 7 Be nucleus.PACS numbers: 21.45.+v, 23.60+e, 25.10.+s *
The results of investigations of the relativistic 9 Be nucleus fragmentation in emulsion which entails the production of two He fragments of an energy of 1.2 A GeV are presented. The results of the angular measurements of the 9 Be→2He events are analyzed. The 9 Be→ 8 Be+n fragmentation channel involving the 8 Be decay from the ground (0 + ) and the first excited (2 + ) states to two α particles is observed to be predominant.
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