Topographic and Subcellular Anatomy of the Guinea Pig Gallbladder

Mueller, John C.; Jones, Albert L.; Long, John A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(19)33228-7

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The appearance of the lateral membrane of the granular cell as a series of microfolds has also been described for the lateral membrane of gallbladder epithelial cells (19). This observation is important because when the width of the lateral intercellular spaces is relatively small, the presence of these folds would greatly increase the effective channel length.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Mucosal surface morphology of the toad urinary bladder. Scanning electron microscope study of the natriferic and hydro-osmotic response to vasopressin

Mills¹,

Malick²

1978

The Journal of Cell Biology

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The mucosal cell surface of the toad urinary bladder was examined by scanning electron microscopy, and changes in the structure of the surface of the granular cell were correlated with specific physiological responses to vasopressin. Survey views of the mucosal surface demonstrated that there was no consistent repeating anatomical relationship between the granular cell and the mitochondria-rich cell that would support the concept of cooperativeness in the response to vasopressin. During base-line states of Na+-transport and water flux, the microvilli on the mucosal surface of the granular cell are arranged in a ridge-like network with occasional individual projections. When water flux is increased by exposing the tissue to vasopressin, in the presence of an osmotic gradient across the tissue, the microvilli on the granular cell lose the ridge structure and appear, predominantly, as individual projections. Variability-of this appearance points out the necessity of examining large areas and many samples before the significance of any morphological change can be assessed. Blocking the simultaneously occurring natriferic response of the toad urinary bladder with 10 -2 M ouabain does not prevent these changes in the microvilli. When the hydro-osmotic response is blocked by eliminating the osmotic gradient, the granular cell shows no consistent change in mucosal surface morphology even when fixed at the height of the natriferic response. The mitochondria-rich and mucous cells did not show any change in morphology throughout these studies. We conclude that the changes in the mucosal surface morphology of the toad bladder seen after exposure to vasopressin are a result of the increased water flux that occurs when an osmotic gradient exists across the tissue, and are not related to the natdferic response or any specific alteration in the membrane properties. KEY WORDS toad urinary bladder scanningThe toad urinary bladder has long been used as a electron microscopy vasopressin -granular cell model system for studying the action of the poly- 598J. CELL BIOLOGY 9 The Rockefeller University Press 9

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Mucosal surface morphology of the toad urinary bladder. Scanning electron microscope study of the natriferic and hydro-osmotic response to vasopressin

Mills¹,

Malick²

1978

The Journal of Cell Biology

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“…Such vacuoles stain positively for glycoprotein Lee, 1981;Lee et al, 1986;Scott, 1976) and are seen with TEM t o be lined by microvilli of surrounding cells (Hayward et al, 1968). Glands were not seen in any portion of the prairie dog gallbladder in the present study, but they have been reported in the neck region of normal gallbladders from guinea pigs (Lee, 1980(Lee, , 1981Mueller et al, 1972), dogs (Mac-Pherson et al, 1983), and humans (Maximow, 1930). We have similarly observed intercellular vacuoles in inflamed rabbit gallbladders and well-developed glands in opossums (personal observations).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Morphology of the prairie dog gallbladder: Normal characteristics and changes during early lithogenesis

1989

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Studies were undertaken to describe the normal structure of the prairie dog gallbladder and adjacent cystic duct, and then to determine sequential changes that occurred as abnormalities in bile composition developed during high cholesterol feeding. Control animals were fed a diet with trace cholesterol, while experimental animals were fed a diet enriched with 1.2% cholesterol for 1, 2, 3, or 4 weeks. Light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize morphologic changes at each time interval. Biliary lipid composition was altered in all experimental groups, evidenced by significant decreases in bile-acid-to-cholesterol ratios. Cholesterol crystals appeared in experimental bile at 1 and 2 weeks, while stones formed at 3 and 4 weeks. The cystic duct and neck of the gallbladder occasionally displayed goblet cells. Little mucus was demonstrable in principal cells of the gallbladder, but much more in those lining the cystic duct. After 2 weeks of lithogenic diet, there was an increase in mucus content and secretion from all areas, as well as an influx of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes. Accumulation of plasma cells in the lamina propria was an especially prominent feature of experimental tissues. These results suggest that 1) there is regional heterogeneity in the mucus content of the gallbladder and cystic duct of the prairie dog, and 2) both regions respond to lithogenesis with mucus hypersecretion and acute and chronic inflammatory changes prior to the appearance of cholesterol gallstones.

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“…Such a configuration is described in some carnivores, e.g. the dog, raccoon dog, foxes, American mink, primates, the rabbit and in the human (Castellucci and Caggiati, 1980;Caggiati et al, 1992;Jackowiak and Lametschwwandtner, 2005;Jackowiak 2006;Lang, 1970;Mueller et al, 1972;Pfuhl, 1932).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies using light and scanning electron microscopy showed that due to changes of gallbladder size, the lamina propria mucosae forms species‐specific simple folds or/and polygonal crypts, which are accumulations of the connective tissue undergoing progressive stretching of the mucosa during expansion of the gallbladder (Jackowiak and Lametschwwandtner, ; Jackowiak, ; Mueller et al, ; Pfuhl, ). Important structures in the lamina propria of the gallbladder mucosa are distributed subepithelially, tubular or tubulo‐vesicular glands, which produce mucus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study on microstructure of gallbladder mucosa in pig

Prozorowska

Jackowiak

2015

Microscopy Res & Technique

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The present light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies on porcine gallbladder mucosa provide a description of the microstructures of great functional importance such as mucosal folds, the epithelium, glands, and lymphatic nodules. The results showed the regional structural differences of the porcine gallbladder wall. Depending on the part of the gallbladder, three types of mucosal structures were described: simple and branched folds and mucosal crypts. An important structural feature found in the mucosa is connected with the structural variety of type of mucosal folds, which change from simple located in the neck, to most composed, i.e., branched or joined, in the polygonal crypts toward the fundus of the gallbladder. The morphometric analysis showed statistically significantly differences in the form and size of the folds and between the fundus, body, and neck of the gallbladder. Differences in the size of mucosal epithelium are discussed in terms of processes of synthesis and secretion of glycoproteins. Regional, species-specific differences in morphology of mucosal subepithelial glands, i.e., their secretory units and openings, and intensity of mucus secretion were described. Our results on the pig gallbladder show adaptation and/or specialization in particular areas of the mucosa for (1) secretion of mucus in the neck or body of gallbladder and (2) for cyclic volume changes, especially in the fundus of gallbladder. The description of the microstructures of mucosa in the porcine gallbladder could be useful as reference data for numerous experiments on the bile tract in the pig.

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Topographic and Subcellular Anatomy of the Guinea Pig Gallbladder

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Mucosal surface morphology of the toad urinary bladder. Scanning electron microscope study of the natriferic and hydro-osmotic response to vasopressin

Mucosal surface morphology of the toad urinary bladder. Scanning electron microscope study of the natriferic and hydro-osmotic response to vasopressin

Morphology of the prairie dog gallbladder: Normal characteristics and changes during early lithogenesis

Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy study on microstructure of gallbladder mucosa in pig

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