Top- and bottom-emission-enhanced electroluminescence of deep-UV light-emitting diodes induced by localised surface plasmons

Huang, Kai; Gao, Na; Wang, Chunzi; Chen, Xue; Li, Jinchai; Li, Shuping; Yang, Xu; Kang, Junyong

doi:10.1038/srep04380

Cited by 45 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…2(a), agreeing perfectly with the numerically modeled resonance. This resonance extends the spectral coverage of the super absorbing UV metasurface down to 250 nm, which is particularly promising for biomedical sensing [10], photoharvesting and energy conversion applications [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Moreover, Al shows great compatibility with manufacturing processes in complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (COMS) devices [11], which is promising to combine plasmonics with nanoelectronics. The major study in previously reported UV plasmonics/metamaterials was to explore the UV localized surface plasmon resonance supported by Al-based random nanopatterns [12]. Optical responses of periodic Al structures were also reported for functional integrated components (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Super Absorbing Ultraviolet Metasurface

Jiang

et al. 2015

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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Although intensive research efforts have been performed to realize compact/portable metamaterial absorbers, the super absorbing metasurface for ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths has not been reported. Here, we propose an aluminumbased metal-dielectric-metal patterned structure to realize super absorption and strong field localization for UV wavelengths. Its feasibility to function as a high performance substrate for UV surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy will also be discussed. IndexTerms-Metamaterial, metasurface, absorber, UV SERS.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Super Absorbing Ultraviolet Metasurface

Jiang

et al. 2015

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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“…Huang et al demonstrated for the first time that the enhanced emission of DUV-LEDs coupled to LSPRs generated by Al nanoparticles prepared on quantum wells (QWs) [66,67]. Size-and density-controlled Al nanoparticles were fabricated by OAD (see Sect.…”

Section: Duv-ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Al x Ga 1 x N system, which we have introduced in the last section, the most dominant emission is photons with a polarization parallel to the crystal axis. As a result, DUV photons propagate parallel to the active layers of LEDs [66]. The LSPR on a roughened metal structure has a broad momentum spectrum, possibly matching the momentum of all photons generated in the active layer of LEDs.…”

Section: The Mechanism Of Enhanced Photoemission Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coupling of Deep-Ultraviolet Photons and Electrons

Saito

2015

Far- And Deep-Ultraviolet Spectroscopy

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Recent advances in deep-ultraviolet (DUV) spectroscopy and related technologies have targeted the observation of photon-electron coupling in widebandgap materials. The energy of a single photon of DUV light is high enough to excite an electron to the first or higher electronic levels of a material. This is the main drawback of DUV spectroscopy for soft materials since higher-order excitations are often followed by photodamage. At the same time, high photon energy can be an advantage from the viewpoint of energy conversion between photons and electrons in a wide-bandgap material. DUV spans a marginal range of wavelengths that can occur under atmospheric pressure in sunlight on Earth. Its high photon energy and availability are expected to lead to great applications in DUV photonics. As mentioned in the previous chapter, photons couple with free electrons in metals at the nanometer scale, exhibiting a localization and enhancement effect known as localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). LSPR has been exploited in many scientific and industrial fields, such as sensors, optical waveguides, high-sensitivity optical detection, and high-resolution microscopy (Willets and Van Duyne, Rev Phys Chem 58:267-97, 2007). In this chapter, I review some important aspects of DUV photons, mainly focusing on DUV-LSPR applications in, for example, photocatalysis, photovoltaic devices, and light-emitting diodes (LEDs), including enhancement mechanisms such as carrier generation, photoexcited lifetime modifications, emission pattern controls, and coulombic forces.Keywords Localized surface plasmon resonance • Plasmonic nanostructure • Photocatalysis • DUV-LED DUV Plasmonic NanostructuresFor efficient coupling between a photon wave vector and free electrons in a material, the specific shape and size of nanostructures, the so-called plasmonic nanostructures, should be prepared to host LSPR. In order to achieve LSPR in Y. Saito ( )

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Tailoring Plasmon Resonances in Aluminium Nanoparticle Arrays Fabricated Using Anodic Aluminium Oxide

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2014

Advanced Optical Materials

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biomolecules that have small Raman cross sections in the visible and NIR regions. [ 2 ] However, interband transitions introduce a dissipative channel for Au and Ag plasmon resonances at wavelengths shorter than 550 and 350 nm, respectively. aluminium (Al) has recently been suggested as promising plasmonic material in the UV and DUV regions because it has negative real part of dielectric function down to a wavelength of ≈100 nm. [ 3 ] The sharpness and intensity of LSPR of small Al NPs improve with increasing energy. The excellent optical properties of Al make it an excellent material for UV nanoantennas, [ 4 ] DUV SERS, [ 2,5 ] lightemission enhancement of wide-bandgap semiconductors, [ 6 ] and improvement of light harvesting in solar cells. [ 7 ] Moreover, Al is signifi cantly cheaper than most other metals, and could potentially serve as the metal of choice for either complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible or mass-producible plasmonic applications.Controllability of LSPR energies is highly required for plasmonic applications. For instance, DUV-SERS of adenine on Al nanostructures requires their resonance peaks close to the excitation wavelength to ensure high-electromagnetic nearfi eld enhancement. [ 2,5 ] LSP-enhanced DUV light-emission in AlGaN multiple quantum wells desires large spectral overlap between the plasmon resonance of Al NPs and the bandgap of active layer. [ 8 ] Al NPs are generally designed with the help of electron beam lithography (EBL) and focused ion beam (FIB) lithography in order to obtain well-controlled structures. [ 4 , 7b , 9 ] However, these approaches involve a slow process and are not cost effective, so that they are not practical for large area (square cm) fabrication. Although Al NPs can be fabricated by modifi ed methods of annealing thin Al fi lm, [ 10 ] such techniques often lead to signifi cant size dispersion, and it is diffi cult to tune the size and interval of particles independently. Anodic Al oxide (AAO), which is prepared by the anodic oxidation of Al in an acidic electrolyte, is one of the typical self-organized fi ne structures with a nanohole array. Using AAO as an evaporation or electrodeposition mask, ordered NP arrays can be formed. [ 11 ] This process has several advantages: each particle has almost identical size and spacing, the size and the spacing can be easily controlled by changing the geometrical structure of the AAO mask, there is no practical limitation to the size of the AAO template, so that very large panels of NPs can be made with low cost. However, to the best of our knowledge, the study

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Top- and bottom-emission-enhanced electroluminescence of deep-UV light-emitting diodes induced by localised surface plasmons

Cited by 45 publications

References 36 publications

Super Absorbing Ultraviolet Metasurface

Super Absorbing Ultraviolet Metasurface

Coupling of Deep-Ultraviolet Photons and Electrons

Tailoring Plasmon Resonances in Aluminium Nanoparticle Arrays Fabricated Using Anodic Aluminium Oxide

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