Tooth Loss Related with Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in a General Urban Japanese Population: The Suita Study

Abstract

We examined whether the number of teeth could be a surrogate marker for metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk in cross-section. A total of 3771 individuals from the general urban Japanese population (1690 men, 2081 women; mean age 67.1 ± 11.0 years) participated in this study. Participants were diagnosed with MetS with three or more components hypertension, hyperglycemia, lipid metabolism abnormality, and abnormal abdominal girth. Questionnaires were administered to determine the number of teeth, smoking status, drinking status, and past illnesses. To clarify the relationships between the number of teeth and the presence of MetS components, we divided subjects into two groups: those with less than 20 residual teeth and those with 20 or more, then statistical analyses (Mantel-Haenszel tests and logistic regression analysis) were performed. MetS were higher for those with ≤19 teeth than those with ≥20 teeth when examining all participants and women-only groups. Hyperglycemia, low HDL cholesterol, high triglycerides, and diagnosis with MetS were all significantly higher in the ≤19 teeth group for both sexes combined and for women. These results suggest that less than 20 teeth may be a surrogate marker for MetS risk, but further studies on gender differences and pathological background are needed.

Association between subjective chewing conditions and dietary habits in Japanese workers

“…．さらに，咀嚼能 産業衛生学雑誌 J-STAGE 早期公開 (2022年12月29日) 力の低下や現在歯数の減少とメタボリックシンドロームの関連性も指摘されて いる [7][8][9] ．加えて，咀嚼状態が不良になることで食習慣に変化が起こり，生活習 慣病やメタボリックシンドロームの罹患を促進することが指摘されている 10,11) ． 口腔状態の変化に伴う食習慣の変化については，現在歯数の減少とともに野菜 類や果物類の摂取が減少し [12][13][14] ，歯の喪失による咀嚼能力の低下によっても食 習慣に変化が起こるとされている．例えば，咀嚼能力が低下した者は緑黄色野菜 類や果物類の摂取の減少だけでなく，ナッツや海藻類の摂取も減少した 15,16) ． 同様に，咬合支持領域が減少した者は，野菜類の摂取が減少し，菓子類の摂取が 増加した 17) ．これらの食習慣に関する変化は，歯の喪失等によって咀嚼能力が 低下して食物繊維が豊富な食品や硬い食品を避け，柔らかい食品を摂取しやす くなるためであると考えられている 10,14) OR and 95%CI…”