Tool life and wear mechanisms of CVD coated and uncoated SiAlON ceramic milling inserts when machining aged Inconel 718

Abstract

In this study, an investigation has been conducted to fully characterise for the first time the tribological benefits of adding two different types of chemical vapour deposition (CVD) coatings to silicon aluminium oxynitride milling inserts with a chemical composition of (Si3N4 + Al2O3 + Y2O3), known by the trade abbreviation ‘SiAlON’, typically used to cut difficult to machine materials such as Inconel 718. The experimental tests compared the tool life, material removed and wear resistance of the two different CVD coated inserts against that of uncoated SiAlON ceramic milling inserts. Coating A was a multilayer CVD coating and had a composition of (TiN + TiCN + Al2O3), Coating B was a bilayer CVD coating and had a composition of (Al2O3 + TiN). It was determined that at 900 m/min the uncoated SiAlON ceramic milling inserts exhibited the least amount of wear and variation in cutting force when milling precipitation hardened Inconel 718 samples. Coating A demonstrated significantly lower adhesion to the SiAlON substrate but had higher tool life and material removal rates, Coating B demonstrated excellent adhesion to the SiAlON substrate. The interfacial bonding of Coating B allowed for much higher adhesion to the substrate, but it suffered from much lower tool life and higher rates of rake and flank face wear. The flank wear measurements concluded a cutting speed of 900 m/min to be the optimum cutting speed for machining Inconel 718 with uncoated SiAlON ceramic milling inserts.