Too exhausted to go to bed: Implicit theories about willpower and stress predict bedtime procrastination

Bernecker, Katharina; Job, Veronika

doi:10.1111/bjop.12382

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The current study found that adolescents, who need a good sleep hygiene for their normative development, are sleeping two hours less per night than the recommended number of hours. This finding, despite worrying, is consistent with previous literature [62,63]. Amidst this scenario, the purpose of this paper was to explore the possibility that sleep insufficiency may be due to procrastination of sleep.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

Magalhães

Cruz

Teixeira

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep Procrastination literature has focused on the behaviors individuals engage in before going to bed (Bedtime Procrastination) but not on the behaviors individuals engage in after going to bed (While-in-Bed Procrastination). The main goal of this study is to explore whether this While-in-Bed procrastination is a novel phenomenon that adds to the Sleep Procrastination literature. The study was conducted online with 400 high school students (Mage = 16.56; 139 males) recruited through personal contacts and social media. The Bedtime procrastination scale was adapted and validated for this sample, whereas the While-in-Bed Procrastination scale was developed for this study. Data show a low correlation (r = 0.158 **) between Bedtime and While-in-Bed Procrastination scales, suggesting that Sleep Procrastination may be composed of the two facets. Additionally, results showed that more Bedtime Procrastination was related to later waking time and later dinnertime hours, whereas more While-in-Bed Procrastination was linked to being male, later desired time to sleep, and earlier dinnertime hour. Findings indicate that solely assessing Bedtime Procrastination as representing the procrastination of Sleep is limited and overlooks a significant part of this behavior. This exploratory study adds a new perspective to the literature by stressing the role of While-in-Bed Procrastination, thus opening new research pathways.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

Magalhães

Cruz

Teixeira

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The small interaction found instead (Figure 1), unlike the original findings, might be explained via a hierarchical semantic network, where lower-level concepts activate higher-level concepts more readily than higher-level concepts activate lower-level concepts (Anderson, 1983;Collins & Loftus, 1975)-for example, a lower-level concept "poodle" activates the higher-level concept "dog" more than the reverse. Temptation-related concepts, like procrastination and distraction, do not only apply to academic-goals, but also are relevant in other contexts (e.g., one can procrastinate instead of exercising or going to sleep; Bernecker & Job, 2020;Brown, 2019). Distraction-related temptations may thus reflect a higher-level concept, with more disparate connections to multiple lower-level concepts (academics, exercise, and sleep).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leading Us Unto Temptation? No Evidence for an Asymmetry in Automatic Associations Between Goals and Temptations

Francis

Jebanesan

Inzlicht

2022

Collabra: Psychology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The asymmetry hypothesis of counteractive control theory suggests that—at least for successful self-regulators—exposure to temptations facilitates the accessibility of goal-related cognitive constructs, whereas exposure to goals inhibits the accessibility of temptation-related cognitive constructs. Using a lexical decision task, Fishbach et al., 2003 (Study 3) found that this asymmetry existed even at an automatic level of processing. In this attempted replication, 221 students completed a lexical decision task that included goal-related and temptation-related stimuli words preceded by either a goal-related prime, a temptation-related prime, or an irrelevant prime. Unlike the original study, we found only significant priming effects, where temptation-primes facilitated the recognition of goal-related words and goal-primes likewise facilitated the recognition of temptation-related words. We did not replicate the previously reported asymmetry. Additionally, we found no significant moderation of the hypothesized priming asymmetry by any of the traits of self-regulatory success, construal level, temptation strength, or self-control, again failing to replicate prior findings. The same priming patterns were found among participants who completed the study in-lab and those who completed the study online. This replication study suggests that the cognitive associations between goals and temptations are relatively symmetric and faciliatory, at least during the initial, automatic level of cognitive processing.

show abstract

“…Why are limited willpower theories associated with more fatigue overall, even in the morning? Potentially, students with more limited willpower theorists may still be feeling depletion-like effects from their efforts during the previous day (Bernecker & Job, 2015b) or may have procrastinated going to bed the night earlier, resulting in having had less sleep (Bernecker & Job, 2020). Subjective reports of fatigue might conflate feelings of sleepiness with feelings of mental fatigue.…”

Section: Possible Mechanisms Of Willpower Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morning resolutions, evening disillusions: Theories of willpower affect how health behaviours change across the day

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

People may be more or less vulnerable to changes in self-control across the day, depending on whether they believe willpower is more or less limited. Limited willpower beliefs might be associated with steeper decreases in self-control across the day, which may result in less goal-consistent behaviour by the evening. Community members with health goals (Sample 1; N = 160; 1814 observations) and students (Sample 2; N = 162; 10,581 observations) completed five surveys per day for one to three weeks, reporting on their recent physical activity, snacking, subjective state, and health intentions. In both samples, more limited willpower beliefs were associated with less low- and moderate-intensity physical activity, particularly later in the day. Limited willpower beliefs were also associated with more snacking in the evenings (Sample 1) or overall (Sample 2). These behavioural patterns were mediated by differential changes in self-efficacy and intentions across the course of the day (in Sample 1), and the above patterns of low- and moderate-physical intensity held after controlling for related individual differences, including trait self-control and chronotype (in Sample 2). Overall, more limited willpower theories were associated with decreasing goal-consistent behaviour as the day progressed, alongside decreasing self-efficacy and weakening health-goal intentions.

show abstract

Too exhausted to go to bed: Implicit theories about willpower and stress predict bedtime procrastination

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

An Exploratory Study on Sleep Procrastination: Bedtime vs. While-in-Bed Procrastination

Leading Us Unto Temptation? No Evidence for an Asymmetry in Automatic Associations Between Goals and Temptations

Morning resolutions, evening disillusions: Theories of willpower affect how health behaviours change across the day

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About