Tonometry Through the Ages

Empfehlungen notwendiger Kontrolluntersuchungen bei okulärer Hypertension

“…Sollten andere Messverfahren ( [8]; z. B. dynamische Konturtonometrie, DCT) eingesetzt werden, dann lediglich in Ergänzung zur GAT.…”

Design of automated digital eye palpation exam for intraocular pressure measurement

“…A small force is thus applied in alternating fashion on the upper part of the eye, through the eyelid, and the examiner is able to feel the flexibility of the sclera, gauge its tension, and deduce the IOP to within a margin of error. Currently, palpation is the regarded as being the simplest, least expensive, and least accurate method of measuring determining IOP [24]. Training sessions can improve the ability of an inexperienced examiner in measuring IOP.…”

“…The human digital palpation exam is not new, having been first reported in 1862 by Bowman [24]. It served as the standard technique to measure IOP until the advent of the Schiotz tonometer in 1905 [5].…”

“…Manometry is commonly regarded as an invasive technique that can precisely measure the pressure inside the eye and is a common laboratory technique for a evaluating changes in IOP over time and for providing reference pressure by which all other tonometers can be judged [24]. For the purposes of this experiment, a pressure regulation system was constructed to regulate the IOP of an enucleated porcine during measurement.…”

Palpation by blind examiners: A novel approach for glaucoma screening

“…3 Several methods of IOP measurement are available but, in the absence of instruments, estimation can be performed by palpation. 4 Although palpation is not highly accurate, it can differentiate between very high and very low pressure, and may have a role in screening for marked elevations of IOP, 5 or in cases when external tonometry is not possible, for instance, in the presence of corneal scarring or after penetrating keratoplasty. 6 For the examination, the patient is asked to close the eyes with a downward gaze.…”