Tomography and imaging at the PSICHE beam line of the SOLEIL synchrotron

King, Andrew; Guignot, Nicolas; Zerbino, P.; Boulard, E.; Desjardins, Kewin; Bordessoule, Michel; Leclerq, N.; Lê, Stéphane; Renaud, Guillaume; Cerato, Matthieu; Bornert, Michel; Lenoir, Nicolas; Delzon, Sylvain; Perrillat, Jean-Philippe; Legodec, Y.; Itié, Jean‐Paul

doi:10.1063/1.4961365

Cited by 60 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Direct, non‐invasive visualization of xylem embolism in 120‐day‐old tomato plants was conducted at the SOLEIL Synchrotron micro‐computed tomography (microCT) PSICHÉ beamline (King et al, ). The main stem of six wild type and four sp12 plants that were ca.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over‐accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure

Lamarque

Delzon

Toups

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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Climate change threatens food security, and plant science researchers have investigated methods of sustaining crop yield under drought. One approach has been to overproduce abscisic acid (ABA) to enhance water use efficiency. However, the concomitant effects of ABA overproduction on plant vascular system functioning are critical as it influences vulnerability to xylem hydraulic failure. We investigated these effects by comparing physiological and hydraulic responses to water deficit between a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) wild type control (WT) and a transgenic line overproducing ABA (sp12). Under well‐watered conditions, the sp12 line displayed similar growth rate and greater water use efficiency by operating at lower maximum stomatal conductance. X‐ray microtomography revealed that sp12 was significantly more vulnerable to xylem embolism, resulting in a reduced hydraulic safety margin. We also observed a significant ontogenic effect on vulnerability to xylem embolism for both WT and sp12. This study demonstrates that the greater water use efficiency in the tomato ABA overproducing line is associated with higher vulnerability of the vascular system to embolism and a higher risk of hydraulic failure. Integrating hydraulic traits into breeding programmes represents a critical step for effectively managing a crop's ability to maintain hydraulic conductivity and productivity under water deficit.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Over‐accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure

Lamarque

Delzon

Toups

et al. 2020

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…The second set of tomographic observations was conducted at the SOLEIL microCT PSICHÉ beamline (King et al 2016). The main stem of six 3-year-old and 2-m tall intact laurels from Le Lann nursery (Gradignan, France) was scanned using a high flux (3.10 11 photons mm −1 ) 25-keV monochromatic X-ray beam, while being rotated from 0°to 180°using a continuous rotation mode.…”

Section: X-ray Microtomographymentioning

confidence: 99%

An inconvenient truth about xylem resistance to embolism in the model species for refilling Laurus nobilis L.

Lamarque

Corso

Torres‐Ruiz

et al. 2018

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Direct, non-invasive X-ray microtomography and optical technique observations applied in stems and leaves of intact seedlings revealed that laurel is highly resistant to drought-induced xylem embolism. Contrary to what has been brought forward, daily cycles of embolism formation and refilling are unlikely to occur in this species and to explain how it copes with drought. & Context There has been considerable controversy regarding xylem embolism resistance for long-vesselled angiosperm species and particularly for the model species for refilling (Laurus nobilis L.). & Aims The purpose of this study was to resolve the hydraulic properties of this species by documenting vulnerability curves of different organs in intact plants. & Methods Here, we applied a direct, non-invasive method to visualize xylem embolism in stems and leaves of intact laurel seedlings up to 2-m tall using X-ray microtomography (microCT) observations and the optical vulnerability technique. These approaches were coupled with complementary centrifugation measurements performed on 1-m long branches sampled from adult trees and compared with additional microCT analyses carried out on 80-cm cut branches. & Results Direct observations of embolism spread during desiccation of intact laurels revealed that 50% loss of xylem conductivity (Ψ 50) was reached at − 7.9 ± 0.5 and − 8.4 ± 0.3 MPa in stems and leaves, respectively, while the minimum xylem water potentials measured in the field were − 4.2 MPa during a moderate drought season. Those findings reveal that embolism formation is not routine in Laurus nobilis contrary to what has been previously reported. These Ψ 50 values were close to those based on the flow-centrifuge technique (− 9.2 ± 0.2 MPa), but at odds with microCT observations of cut branches (− 4.0 ± 0.5 MPa).

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“…Contrary to laboratory-based sources where X-ray imaging was the first technique ever used, the development of X-ray imaging with synchrotron sources began rather late in the 1980s when indirect X-ray detectors with high spatial resolution started to become routinely available [4]. Nowadays, hard X-ray beamlines which offer (full-field) imaging techniques within their portfolio are operating around the globe-for example the tomography beamline 8.3.2 at the Advanced Light Source (USA) [5], beamline 2-BM at the Advanced Photon Source (USA) [6], TopoTomo at ANKA (Germany) [7], the Imaging and Medical Beamline at the Australian Synchrotron [8], the BAMline at BESSY-II (Germany) [9], JEEP and I13 at Diamond Light Source (UK) [10,11], SYRMEP at Elettra (Italy) [12], X-ray imaging beamline at INDUS-2 (India) [13], IBL at PETRA3 (Germany) [14], tomocat at SLS (Switzerland) [15], ANATOMIX and PSICHÉ at Soleil (France) [16,17], BL47XU at SPRing8 (Japan) [18] or the future BEATS beamline at SESAME light source (Jordan) [19]. A more detailed overview is available by Rack et al [20], as well as a general introduction on how to access synchrotron light sources by J. McCarthy [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TomoPress—In Situ Synchrotron-Based Microtomography under Axial Load

et al. 2020

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Computed tomography (CT) with hard X-rays is a mature technique that is in regular use to depict the interior of opaque specimens with spatial resolutions up to the micrometre range (microtomography or µCT). Short acquisition times and sophisticated contrast modes are accessible when synchrotron light sources are combined with microtomography—SR-µCT. Both features render SR-µCT as excellent probe to study delicate samples in situ, for example under mechanical load by deploying corresponding sample environments. The so-called TomoPress is such a device available within the public user programme of tomography beamline ID19 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). It allows one to study samples under high axial load (up to 500 N) with high spatial resolution up to the micrometer range. Different gauges are installed to allow online monitoring of the applied force. Constant humidity, temperature and wetting are routinely available as well. The article shall outline basic design principles of the press as well as parameters for its utilisation in a descriptive manner. Selected examples underline the potential of the device for such diverse fields as biomedical research, life sciences and materials research.

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Tomography and imaging at the PSICHE beam line of the SOLEIL synchrotron

Cited by 60 publications

References 35 publications

Over‐accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure

Over‐accumulation of abscisic acid in transgenic tomato plants increases the risk of hydraulic failure

An inconvenient truth about xylem resistance to embolism in the model species for refilling Laurus nobilis L.

TomoPress—In Situ Synchrotron-Based Microtomography under Axial Load

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