“…Several papers investigated face descriptors, including LBP and its variants [5,6,12,20,22,25,32,37,38], SIFT [10,20], and learnt representations [25,39]. A particularly interesting idea is to learn and extract semantic face attributes as facial features for identification and other tasks [3,17]. Statistical learning is generally used to map face representations to a final recognition result, with metric or similarity learning being the most popular approach, particularly for AFV [6,10,12,22,40].…”