Toluidine blue staining in the detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions

Silverman, Sol; Migliorati, Cesar A.; Barbosa, José Diomedes

doi:10.1016/0030-4220(84)90154-3

Cited by 99 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Such difference between specificity could be attributed to the study setting, as all these studies were carried out in specialized institutions by experienced clinicians for underlining tumor border or squamous cell carcinoma. In this study PPV of Toluidine Blue stain was 97.1% which was in accordance to the finding reported by Silverman et al (1984) who reported PPV to be 90% and somewhat close to Epstein et al (1992) who reported a PPV to be 84%. However, NPV in this study was 30%, much less than Silverman et al (1984) who reported NPV to be 92% and Epstein et al (1992) reported it to be 80%.…”

Section: Epstein Et Al Prevalence Of Precancer and Cancer Amongst supporting

confidence: 92%

“…In this study PPV of Toluidine Blue stain was 97.1% which was in accordance to the finding reported by Silverman et al (1984) who reported PPV to be 90% and somewhat close to Epstein et al (1992) who reported a PPV to be 84%. However, NPV in this study was 30%, much less than Silverman et al (1984) who reported NPV to be 92% and Epstein et al (1992) reported it to be 80%. The predictive values of a test in clinical practice depend critically on the prevalence of the abnormality in the patients being tested; this may well differ from the prevalence in a published study assessing the usefulness of the test (Oliver et al, 2004).…”

Section: Epstein Et Al Prevalence Of Precancer and Cancer Amongst supporting

confidence: 92%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparison of Different Screening Methods in Estimating the Prevalence of Precancer and Cancer Amongst Male Inmates of a Jail in Maharashtra, India

Chaudhari

Hegde-Shetiya²,

Shirahatti³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: To compare the effectiveness of self-examination, clinical examination and screening methods using 1% toluidine blue and Lugol's iodine in estimating the prevalence of lesions at risk of malignancy and oral malignant disease amongst the male inmates of Yerwada Central Jail, Pune. Material and Methods: Study was carried out on male inmates in two phases. In the first phase self-examination and clinical examination was carried out on 2,257 male inmates. 164 suspicious cases were subjected to phase II of the study out of whom, 82 participants were screened with 1% toluidine blue and 2% Lugol's iodine followed by biopsy procedure. Results: Sensitivity and specificity for self-examination with clinical examination was 92.2% and 96.6% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) and positive (+LR) and negative likelihood ratio (-LR) for Toluidine Blue were 88.1%, 66.6% 97.1%, 30%, 2.63 and 0.17 respectively while for Lugol's Iodine they were 94.7%, 83.8%, 98.6%, 55.5%, 5.67 and 0.06 respectively. Conclusions: Prevalence of lesions at risk of malignancy and oral malignant disease by self-examination was 7.8% and by clinical examination was 6.3%. Self-examination is an effective tool in early detection of oral cancer. Use of Lugol's iodine as a screening tool for oral lesions is highly effective in inmate populations.

show abstract

Section: Epstein Et Al Prevalence Of Precancer and Cancer Amongst supporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Epstein Et Al Prevalence Of Precancer and Cancer Amongst supporting

confidence: 92%

Comparison of Different Screening Methods in Estimating the Prevalence of Precancer and Cancer Amongst Male Inmates of a Jail in Maharashtra, India

Chaudhari

Hegde-Shetiya²,

Shirahatti³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The findings of the same reported by Silverman et al [10] were 90 % PPV, 92 % NPV and 90 % DA. Another study conducted by Epstein et al [2] reported 84 % PPV and 83 DA % while NPV showed significant difference of about 20 %.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Utility of Toluidine Blue Test in Accessing and Detecting Intra-Oral Malignancies

Singh

Shukla²

2014

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vivo staining reveals cytological details that might otherwise not be apparent. The aim of the study was to test the utility of toluidine blue test in detecting various types of malignant and premalignant lesions in early stage. Fifty patients with lesion in oral cavity having suspicion of malignancy clinically were selected. After subjecting the patients to clinical examination, the suspicious lesions were stained with 1 % toluidine blue. The biopsy site was selected on the basis of clinical appearance and dye retention and in the sites where no retention of the stain occurred, clinical judgment directed the biopsy site. The sensitivity of toluidine blue in detecting premalignant or malignant lesions was found to be 97.8 % and the over all specificity was found to be 100 %. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy was reported to be 100, 80 and 90 % respectively. Toluidine Blue staining is highly a reliable source for the detection of insitu and invasive carcinomas. Staining with this stains is an adjunct to clinical judgment, assist in the choice of biopsy site, follow up of premalignant lesions and marginal demarcation of the malignant lesions enabling an intervention method to be adopted earlier for the disease, which carries a high rate of morbidity and mortality.

show abstract

“…First, it is possible that a very small portion of precancerous and malignant lesions limited to intermediate and lower strata of the epithelium might be missed, since vital dye such as RB and toluidine blue may only stain a few cell layers thick. 24 Second, OSCC and DP may be undergoing genetic alterations without clear clinical appearance, 24,25 which might not be revealed by vital dyes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rose bengal staining in detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions with colorimetric evaluation: A pilot study

Chen

et al. 2007

Intl Journal of Cancer

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Early detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions is still a diagnostic challenge for most of clinicians, and ideal adjuncts for detection of these lesions are currently unavailable. Our preliminary study has indicated that rose bengal (RB) staining might have the potency as a diagnostic aid; however, its clinical significance and reliability in hospital-based population are still not clear. In the present study, we investigated the efficacy of RB staining in detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions. RB staining was conducted in 132 patients, and staining results were determined by a 4-graded shade guide, which had been quantitatively measured in the 1976 CIEL*a*b* space by instrumental colorimetry. Histological examination was performed in 128 of 132 patients after RB staining. The sensitivity and specificity to detect epithelial dysplasia (DP) and oral squamous cell carcinoma were 93.9 and 73.7%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.570 and 0.082, respectively. Moreover, RB staining seemed promising to detect DP in oral leukoplakia, lichen planus and leukokeratosis. In this study, 5 of 6 DP or oral squamous cell carcinoma were identified by RB staining before histological examination. In conclusion, RB staining may be a valuable diagnostic test in detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions. ' 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: rose bengal; early detection; oral squamous cell carcinoma; epithelial dysplasia; colorimetry It was estimated that cancer of the head and neck, including all oral, laryngeal and pharyngeal sites, is the fifth most common cancer, accounting for about 615,000 new cases annually. 1 About 40% of head and neck malignancies are known to be squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) arising in the oral cavity, 1 and it has one of the lowest survival rates, 50%, within a 5-year period. 2 These survival rates have remained relatively unchanged for the past 3 decades, probably because of late recognition of the disease. Consequently, emphasis has been placed on early detection and diagnosis of precancerous lesions and early stages of oral cancer. Nevertheless, oral epithelial lesions have many different presentations, such that clinical variants require diagnostic tests beyond visual examination to obtain definitive diagnoses. [3][4][5] Adjuncts for detection of lesions and selection of biopsy sites include toluidine blue staining, exfoliative cytology and other recently emerging techniques. But because of various reasons, such as less effective when used in oral precancerous lesions, inevitably bewildered when equivocal results occurred, 4,6 these techniques have not been accepted all over the world at present.Rose bengal (RB), the 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2 0 ,4 0 ,5 0 ,7 0 -tetraiododerivative of fluorescein, has been widely used to diagnose various ocular surface disorders. 7 It has been believed to stain desquamated ocular epithelial cells, dead or degenerated cells but not healthy epithelial cells, or wherever there is poor protection of the surface e...

show abstract

Toluidine blue staining in the detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions

Cited by 99 publications

References 12 publications

Comparison of Different Screening Methods in Estimating the Prevalence of Precancer and Cancer Amongst Male Inmates of a Jail in Maharashtra, India

Comparison of Different Screening Methods in Estimating the Prevalence of Precancer and Cancer Amongst Male Inmates of a Jail in Maharashtra, India

Utility of Toluidine Blue Test in Accessing and Detecting Intra-Oral Malignancies

Rose bengal staining in detection of oral precancerous and malignant lesions with colorimetric evaluation: A pilot study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About