Aim: To compare the effectiveness of self-examination, clinical examination and screening methods using 1% toluidine blue and Lugol's iodine in estimating the prevalence of lesions at risk of malignancy and oral malignant disease amongst the male inmates of Yerwada Central Jail, Pune. Material and Methods: Study was carried out on male inmates in two phases. In the first phase self-examination and clinical examination was carried out on 2,257 male inmates. 164 suspicious cases were subjected to phase II of the study out of whom, 82 participants were screened with 1% toluidine blue and 2% Lugol's iodine followed by biopsy procedure. Results: Sensitivity and specificity for self-examination with clinical examination was 92.2% and 96.6% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) and positive (+LR) and negative likelihood ratio (-LR) for Toluidine Blue were 88.1%, 66.6% 97.1%, 30%, 2.63 and 0.17 respectively while for Lugol's Iodine they were 94.7%, 83.8%, 98.6%, 55.5%, 5.67 and 0.06 respectively. Conclusions: Prevalence of lesions at risk of malignancy and oral malignant disease by self-examination was 7.8% and by clinical examination was 6.3%. Self-examination is an effective tool in early detection of oral cancer. Use of Lugol's iodine as a screening tool for oral lesions is highly effective in inmate populations.
Aim: The aim was to evaluate the levels of 8-Hydroxy deoxyguanosine levels, as a marker of oxidative stress in Chronic Gingivitis and Chronic Periodontitis individuals during the course of Phase 1 periodontal therapy in comparison with Periodontally healthy Individuals. Materials and Method: All the individuals were divided into 3 groups each including 16 subjects. Group 1 included healthy subjects and group 3 and 4 included subjects with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis respectively. Saliva samples were collected and the 8-OHdG levels were assessed. Results: The levels reduced to 1.59±0.50 in chronic periodontitis group one month after scaling and root planing. A statistically non-significant value of 0.09 was recorded. The levels in chronic gingivitis group were 1.20±0.89. Conclusion: From the above study it can be concluded that 8-OHdG is an important biomarker of oxidative stress and is increased in patients with chronic gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.
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