1985
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.142.4.489
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Tolerance to therapeutic effects of antidepressants

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Cited by 43 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…A number of explanations have been forwarded to account for the apparent loss of efficacy of antidepressants over time including noncompliance, loss of placebo effect, tolerance, and change in the underlying disease pathogenesis [7, 15, 16, 17]. Of these, the development of tolerance through changes in steady-state pharmacokinetics (e.g.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A number of explanations have been forwarded to account for the apparent loss of efficacy of antidepressants over time including noncompliance, loss of placebo effect, tolerance, and change in the underlying disease pathogenesis [7, 15, 16, 17]. Of these, the development of tolerance through changes in steady-state pharmacokinetics (e.g.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Evidence of long-term effectiveness and safety for antidepressant treatment in bipolar disorders is lacking [2, 6]. There is also growing evidence that a loss of benefit can emerge with long-term antidepressant treatment or on retreatment after discontinuation [7, 8, 9, 10], perhaps even more commonly among bipolar than unipolar depressed patients [11]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, sampling may be biased by including all eligible subjects initially, but retreating only initially fluoxetine-responsive patients. Relative risk of unresponsiveness to retreatment with other antidepressants remains inadequately studied [7, 8, 9, 10, 11], but preliminary findings suggest variance among specific agents [11]. Similarly, responses to retreatment after failing lithium among bipolar disorder patients have been inconsistent [16, 17].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, depression and anxiety symptoms in humans tend to increase in parallel with GI symptom severity and frequency (Pinto-Sanchez et al, 2015), making this comorbidity even more relevant. Current treatment methods, however, involve administering a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor that, although effective in ameliorating behavioral symptoms, can have negative effects from long-term use and does not address the root cause of the issue (Cohen & Baldessarini, 1985). Alternatively, administering beneficial bacteria that are known to increase serotonin levels (Neufeld et al, 2011; Reigstad et al, 2015) in the form of a probiotic or by following a diet that supports bacteria critical for serotonin production may effectively influence mood as well as concomitant GI symptoms.…”
Section: Neuroscience and The Gut–brain Axismentioning
confidence: 99%