Tolerance to Heat and Dehydration in Several Species of Mammals

Adolph, E. F.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1947.151.2.564

Cited by 141 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…Those body temperatures are likely very close to those that will result in heat-related illness. In the laboratory, dogs and cats succumbed to heat at rectal temperatures between 41.0 and 43.5°C [122], and baboons experienced signs of heatstroke at 42.5°C [123]. In a desert environment, baboons became socially dysfunctional after a few days without drinking water [124].…”

Section: Physiological Adjustmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a mechanistic understanding of the responses of large terrestrial mammals to heat and aridity associated with climate change

Fuller

Mitchell

Maloney

et al. 2016

Clim Chang Responses

131

125

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In the face of climate change, the life history traits of large terrestrial mammals will prevent them from adapting genetically at a sufficient pace to keep track with changing environments, and habitat fragmentation will preclude them from shifting their distribution range. Predicting how habitat-bound large mammals will respond to environmental change requires measurement of their sensitivity and exposure to changes in the environment, as well as the extent to which phenotypic plasticity can buffer them against the changes. Behavioural modifications, such as a shift to nocturnal foraging or selection of a cool microclimate, may buffer free-living mammals against thermal and water stress, but may carry a cost, for example by reducing foraging time or increasing predation risk. Large mammals also use physiological responses to buffer themselves against changing environments, but those buffers may be compromised by a changing physical environment. A decrease in the available food energy or water leads to a trade-off in which the precision of homeothermy is relaxed, resulting in large daily fluctuations in body temperature. Understanding how large mammals prioritise competing homeostatic systems in changing environments, and the consequences of that prioritisation for their fitness, requires long-term monitoring of identifiable individual animals in their natural habitat. Although body size predicts general ecological and energetic patterns of terrestrial mammals, high intraspecific and interspecific variability means that a species-directed approach is required to accurately model responses of large mammals to climate change.

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Section: Physiological Adjustmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a mechanistic understanding of the responses of large terrestrial mammals to heat and aridity associated with climate change

Fuller

Mitchell

Maloney

et al. 2016

Clim Chang Responses

131

125

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Animal experimentation has typically relied on passive, rather than exertional heat exposure to study the role of cytokines (Adolph, 1947;Gathiram et al, 1987;Hall et al, 2001;Hubbard et al, 1976Hubbard et al, , 1977Lord et al, 1984;Romanovsky and Blatteis, 1996;Wilkinson et al, 1988;Wright, 1976;Wright et al, 1977). Elevated circulating concentrations of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF and granulocyte colony stimulating factor have been observed following localized or whole body hyperthermia in primates (Bouchama et al, 2005), rabbits (Lin et al, 1994), mice (Neville and Sauder, 1988;Leon et al, in press) and rats (Chiu et al, 1995(Chiu et al, , 1996Haveman et al, 1996;Lin et al, 1997;Liu et al, 2000).…”

Section: Cytokines and Heat Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

The thermoregulatory consequences of heat stroke: Are cytokines involved?

Leon

2006

Journal of Thermal Biology

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“…This was more in keeping with temperature conditions in the tropics than a constant high temperature, and was also effective in keeping food consumption nearly the same for heat-exposed and control groups. Adolph (1947) Farris & Griffith (1949 …”

Section: Temperature Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foetal Growth and Lactation in Rats Exposed to High Temperatures During Pregnancy

Benson¹,

Morris²

1971

Reproduction

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Summary. Pregnant rats were exposed to a room temperature of 37\s=deg\C for 7 hr daily during the last two-thirds of gestation. Controls were kept at 23\ s=deg\C. All rats were kept at 23\ s=deg\C during the subsequent lactation. A system of fostering was employed that gave information on lactational performance of mothers, on growth potential of pups, and on the effect of fostering itself. Exposure to heat had no effect on the gestation period or the litter size, but a depression of foetal growth was observed. Lactation was impaired in the mothers exposed to heat. Food intake and body weight were reduced, and water consumption increased during heat exposure; both food and water intakes were reduced in the subsequent lactation. Young taken from mothers exposed to heat and subsequently fostered to control mothers failed to increase their depressed neonatal weights to control levels. The effects of heat exposure during gestation appear, therefore, to elicit a permanent change in the metabolism.

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Tolerance to Heat and Dehydration in Several Species of Mammals

Cited by 141 publications

References 0 publications

Towards a mechanistic understanding of the responses of large terrestrial mammals to heat and aridity associated with climate change

Towards a mechanistic understanding of the responses of large terrestrial mammals to heat and aridity associated with climate change

The thermoregulatory consequences of heat stroke: Are cytokines involved?

Foetal Growth and Lactation in Rats Exposed to High Temperatures During Pregnancy

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