Tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in in-vitro biofilms to high-level peracetic acid disinfection

Akinbobola, Ayorinde; Sherry, Leighann; Mckay, William G.; Ramage, Gordon; Williams, Craig

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2017.06.024

Cited by 43 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, further studies are required to quantify the expression of relevant genes. Moreover, biofilm biomass increased proportionally as biofilms aged, which is accordance with previous findings ( Akinbobola et al, 2017 ). High variability in biofilm biomass was found among isolates throughout the time course of biofilm formation (24 – 72 h), which is in accordance with previous findings ( Marino et al, 2011 ; Va′zquez-Sa′nchez et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Together, Qi et al (2016) reported that for Acinetobacter baumannii , there was a statistically negative correlation between antibiotic resistance and biofilm forming capacity, suggesting that biofilm-forming strains are less dependent on antibiotic resistance than no biofilm-forming strains for survival. Previous studies have demonstrated that biofilm resistance to antimicrobials is multifaceted, including reduced penetration of the agent into biofilms due to the presence of extracellular matrix, biofilm heterogeneity and biofilm-specific phenotypes such as expression of efflux pump and persister cells ( Stewart and Costerton, 2001 ; Akinbobola et al, 2017 ). Moreover biofilm resistance is known to vary from one microorganism to another ( Mah and O’Toole, 2001 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association Between agr Type, Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Pork Production

Zhang

Shi³

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus colonization and/or infections exist in pigs and people in frequent contact with pigs. In this study, a total of 130 S. aureus isolates obtained from different stages of pork production were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility, biofilm formation, as well as PCR screening to identify virulence genes, and the accessory gene regulator alleles (agr). Among all 130 S. aureus isolates, 109 (83.8%, 109/130) isolates were positive for agr. All swine farms isolates belonged to agr IV, whereas S. aureus isolated from slaughterhouse and retail indicated diverse agr types. All isolates exhibited biofilm formation ability, and raw meat isolates (belonging to agr I) exhibited a greater ability to form strong biofilms than swine farms isolates (belonging to agr IV). agr-positive isolates were associated with more virulence genes than agr-negative isolates. Most biofilm-producing isolates were positive for microbial surface component recognizing adhesive matrix molecule (MSCRAMM), capsule type and ica group genes. The results illustrate a significant association between the prevalence rate of MSCRAMM, capsule type and ica group genes among isolates producing weak, moderate and strong biofilms. The high prevalence of resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, clindamycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were mainly observed in moderate and weak biofilm producers. Our findings indicate that S. aureus isolates from pork production displayed diverse molecular ecology.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between agr Type, Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Pork Production

Zhang

Shi³

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

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“…TEM and SEM observations enabled a comparative analysis of the mechanism of action of PAA, revealing changes in shape after 5 min and structural damage after 30 min. In the current report, mature P. aeruginosa biofilms aged 96 h were eradicated at 3000 ppm (0.3%) of PAA after 5-min exposure [ 26 ]. Our findings indicate that the exposure time for effective bactericidal activity is 5 min under high concentrations of HLD, e.g., 0.3% PAA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological bactericidal fast-acting effects of peracetic acid, a high-level disinfectant, against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in tubing

Chino

Nukui

Morishita

et al. 2017

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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BackgroundThe bactericidal effect of disinfectants against biofilms is essential to reduce potential endoscopy-related infections caused by contamination. Here, we investigated the bactericidal effect of a high-level disinfectant, peracetic acid (PAA), against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm models in vitro.Methods S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms were cultured at 35 °C for 7 days with catheter tubes. The following high-level disinfectants (HLDs) were tested: 0.3% PAA, 0.55% ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA), and 2.0% alkaline-buffered glutaraldehyde (GA). Biofilms were exposed to these agents for 1–60 min and observed after 5 min and 30 min by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A Student’s t test was performed to compare the exposure time required for bactericidal effectiveness of the disinfectants.ResultsPAA and GA were active within 1 min and 5 min, respectively, against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms. OPA took longer than 10 min and 30 min to act against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa biofilms, respectively (p < 0.01). Treatment with PAA elicited changes in cell shape after 5 min and structural damage after 30 min.ConclusionsAmongst the HLDs investigated, PAA elicited the most rapid bactericidal effects against both biofilms. Additionally, treatment with PAA induced morphological alterations in the in vitro biofilm models, suggesting that PAA exerts fast-acting bactericidal effects against biofilms associated with endoscopy-related infections. These findings indicate that the exposure time for bactericidal effectiveness of HLDs for endoscope reprocessing in healthcare settings should be reconsidered.

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“…Indeed, bacteria in the biofilm are up to 1000-fold more resistant to disinfectants than their corresponding planktonic form [ 40 , 52 – 55 ]. P. aeruginosa biofilm on flexible endoscopes surfaces is able to survive 5-minute treatment with peracetic acid at 2000 parts per million concentration, which is the working concentration used by some washer-disinfectors [ 54 ].…”

Section: How Bacteria Survive On Inanimate Surfaces and After Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Healthcare Workers Should Know about Environmental Bacterial Contamination in the Intensive Care Unit

Russotto

Cortegiani

Fasciana

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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Intensive care unit- (ICU-) acquired infections are a major health problem worldwide. Inanimate surfaces and equipment contamination may play a role in cross-transmission of pathogens and subsequent patient colonization or infection. Bacteria contaminate inanimate surfaces and equipment of the patient zone and healthcare area, generating a reservoir of potential pathogens, including multidrug resistant species. Traditional terminal cleaning methods have limitations. Indeed patients who receive a bed from prior patient carrying bacteria are exposed to an increased risk (odds ratio 2.13, 95% confidence intervals 1.62–2.81) of being colonized and potentially infected by the same bacterial species of the previous patient. Biofilm formation, even on dry surfaces, may play a role in reducing the efficacy of terminal cleaning procedures since it enables bacteria to survive in the environment for a long period and provides increased resistance to commonly used disinfectants. No-touch methods (e.g., UV-light, hydrogen peroxide vapour) are under investigation and further studies with patient-centred outcomes are needed, before considering them the standard of terminal cleaning in ICUs. Healthcare workers should be aware of the role of environmental contamination in the ICU and consider it in the broader perspective of infection control measures and stewardship initiatives.

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Tolerance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in in-vitro biofilms to high-level peracetic acid disinfection

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Association Between agr Type, Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Pork Production

Association Between agr Type, Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates From Pork Production

Morphological bactericidal fast-acting effects of peracetic acid, a high-level disinfectant, against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in tubing

What Healthcare Workers Should Know about Environmental Bacterial Contamination in the Intensive Care Unit

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