Tolerance and efficacy of tribasic manganese chloride in growing broiler chickens

Abstract

These studies were designed to determine the relative bioavailability and tolerance of tribasic Mn chloride (TBMC) for growing broiler chickens. In experiment 1, birds were fed a basal diet (starter, 102 ppm; grower, 209 ppm) or the basal diet supplemented with 3,600, 4,500, or 5,400 ppm Mn from either TBMC or manganese sulfate (MnSO(4)), and BW, feed intake, and plasma Mn were measured. In experiments 2 and 3, diets included the basal diet (45 and 43 ppm Mn, respectively) and the basal diet supplemented with graded levels of either TBMC or MnSO(4) ranging from 30 to 240 ppm Mn. Body weight and feed intake were measured and tibia, bile, and liver were collected for mineral analysis; heart samples were taken for manganese superoxide dismutase activity, protein, and relative mRNA abundance. In experiment 1, BW differed among treatments, with higher Mn leading to lower BW (P < 0.05). Birds from all treatments showed higher plasma Mn than birds fed the basal diet. Birds supplemented with the highest level of MnSO(4) had the highest level of plasma Mn (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, tibia and liver Mn increased with higher dietary Mn regardless of source (P < 0.05). Liver Mn increased up to the 60 ppm diets whereas Mn in the tibia was highest with the 130 ppm diets. Bile Mn increased with increasing dietary Mn, but these differences were not significant. In experiment 3, manganese superoxide dismutase activity, protein, and relative mRNA abundance were not affected by diet. The calculated bioavailabilities of TBMC and MnSO(4) did not differ significantly (P > 0.20). Together, these results indicate that TBMC is as effective as and better tolerated than MnSO(4) and that supplementing Mn at the lowest level used in this study may be sufficient for normal development of broiler chickens.

Supplementation of exogenous enzymes and organic acid in broiler diets

“…This result showed that Mn supplementation to the diet supported the performance of broilers mainly the suplementation of 50 mg/kg inorganic manganese. The current study findings are consistent with published results (Henry et al 1989, Conly et al 2012, beca- Letters ( a, b, c, d use Mn acts as an activator in multiple physiologic processes, such as carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism, collagen formation, antioxidant activity and respiration; it enters the structure of several enzymes. Because of this significant role, Mn supplementation to the fast-growing broiler diet was reported to have become a widespread practice (Henry et al 1989, Scheideler 1991, Conly et al 2012.…”

“…Atherton (1993) reported that the supplementation of Mn to the diet reduced fat deposits in the carcass of pigs. Conly et al (2012) have also reported similar results. The results of our study are consistent with those of Henry et al (1992) who reported that Mn-methionine supplementation yielded more positive results than Mn-oxide, and Deo et al (2006) observed that the availability of organic Mn forms are higher than the inorganic ones, resulting higher performance and better health in animals.…”

“…In recent years, modifications of broiler feed consumption (FC) to support metabolic and immunologic system function (Yang et al 2011, Conly et al 2012 or skeletal development and welfare have been researched (Su et al 1999, Duncan 2001, European Commission 2010. The especial importance of supplementing feed with manganese (Mn) has been emphasized in this connection (Henry et al 1989, Conly et al 2012.…”

“…The especial importance of supplementing feed with manganese (Mn) has been emphasized in this connection (Henry et al 1989, Conly et al 2012. A positive effect on bone resistance of added Mn in the broiler diet has been reported; Mn, a component of enzymes such as arginase, pyruvate, carboxylase and Mn superoxide dismutase, has been indicated as one of the minerals that may be used to counter the increase of oxidative stress and the deterioration of welfare (Mertz 1993, Moonsie-Shageer andMowat 1993).…”

Effects of dietary organic and inorganic manganese supplementation on performance, carcass and hematological parameters in broiler reared under stocking density stress

“…In recent years, modifications of broiler feed consumption (FC) to support metabolic and immunologic system function (Yang et al 2011, Conly et al 2012 or skeletal development and welfare have been researched (Su et al 1999, Duncan 2001, European Commission 2010. The especial importance of supplementing feed with manganese (Mn) has been emphasized in this connection (Henry et al 1989, Conly et al 2012. A positive effect on bone resistance of added Mn in the broiler diet has been reported; Mn, a component of enzymes such as arginase, pyruvate, carboxylase and Mn superoxide dismutase, has been indicated as one of the minerals that may be used to counter the increase of oxidative stress and the deterioration of welfare (Mertz 1993, Moonsie-Shageer andMowat 1993).…”