Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of different varieties of rice in Malaysia

Shammugasamy, Balakrishnan; Ramakrishnan, Yogeshini; Ghazali, Hasanah Mohd; Muhammad, Kharidah

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6742

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…1). It has been reported that for most rice accessions, brown rice has very low βT, δT, and βT3 contents Shammugasamy et al 2014). Consequently, only those isomers detected in our study were included in further analysis.…”

Section: Phenotypic Evaluation and Correlation Among Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variations in OsγTMT contribute to diversity of the α-tocopherol content in rice

Wang

Yoon

et al. 2015

Mol Genet Genomics

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Tocopherols and tocotrienols, collectively known as tocochromanols, are lipid-soluble molecules that belong to the group of vitamin E compounds. Among them, α-tocopherol (αΤ) is one of the antioxidants with diverse functions and benefits for humans and animals. Thus, understanding the genetic basis of these traits would be valuable to improve nutritional quality by breeding in rice. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) has emerged as a powerful strategy for identifying genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) underlying complex traits in plants. To discover the genes or QTLs underlying the naturally occurring variations of αΤ content in rice, we performed GWAS using 1.44 million high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms acquired from re-sequencing of 137 accessions from a diverse rice core collection. Thirteen candidate genes were found across 2-year phenotypic data, among which gamma-tocopherol methyltransferase (OsγTMT) was identified as the major factor responsible for the αΤ content among rice accessions. Nucleotide variations in the coding region of OsγTMT were significantly associated with the αΤ content variations, while nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region of OsγTMT also could partly demonstrate the correlation with αΤ content variations, according to our RNA expression analyses. This study provides useful information for genetic factors underlying αΤ content variations in rice, which will significantly contribute the research on αΤ biosynthesis mechanisms and αΤ improvement of rice.

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Section: Phenotypic Evaluation and Correlation Among Individualsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural variations in OsγTMT contribute to diversity of the α-tocopherol content in rice

Wang

Yoon

et al. 2015

Mol Genet Genomics

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“…Content of vitamin E isomers varied among local rice varieties both within and between grain color groups. However, no obvious difference in TOC, T3 and g-oryzanol content was noted between black-and red-colored local rice varieties, while Shammugasamy et al found that black-pigmented rice had higher contents of TOC and T3 than non-pigmented rice and red-pigmented rice in 58 different varieties of whole rice cultivated in Malaysia (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Quantification of Tocopherols, Tocotrienols and γ-Oryzanol Contents of Local Rice Varieties in Northeastern Thailand

Sudtasarn

Homsombat²,

Chotechuen³

et al. 2019

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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A total of 101 local rice varieties, composted of 85 glutinous and 16 nonglutinous varieties grown in wet season 2016, were analyzed for tocopherols (TOC), tocotrienols (T3) and g-oryzanol (Orz). Two popular varieties, RD6 and KDML105, were used as standard checks for glutinous and non-glutinous varieties, respectively. g-TOC was found in all glutinous varieties (0.47-9.78 mg/kg), which were higher than RD6 (0.16 mg/kg). a-TOC was found in 40 varieties (1.02-6.29 mg/kg), only 6 varities were higher than RD6 (3.95 mg/kg). d-T3 was found in 81 varieties (0.57-7.00 mg/kg), mostly varities were higher than RD6 (0.67 mg/kg). g-T3 was found in all glutinous varieties (8.00-22.1 mg/ kg), while RD6 contained 13.3 mg/kg. For a-T3, it was found in 39 glutinous varieties (1.52-9.94 mg/kg), mostly varities were higher than RD6 (2.62 mg/kg). Orz was found in all glutinous rice varieties (276-638 mg/kg), while RD6 contained 423 mg/kg. g-TOC was found in all non-glutinous varieties (0.67-5.21 mg/kg), which were higher than KDML105. a-TOC was found in only 5 varieties (1.92-2.83 mg/kg), while KDML105 contained 2.23 mg/kg. d-T3 was found in all non-glutinous varieties (1.64-8.87 mg/kg), which were higher than KDML105 (0.71 mg/kg). g-T3 was also found in all non-glutinous varieties (8.80-17.58 mg/kg), while KDML105 contained 15.8 mg/kg. a-T3 was found in 9 nonglutinous varieties (4.56-8.93 mg/kg),while KDML105 contained only 0.86 mg/kg. Orz was also found in all those non-glutinous varieties (272-469 mg/kg), while KDML105 contained 469 mg/kg. These results indicate that g-T3 was the highest vitamin E isomer present in all rice samples, while g-TOC, a-TOC, d-T3 and a-T3 were present in trace amounts. Orz was found in all local rice varieties.

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“…High a-tocopherol cultivars have been identified in other crops including rice [35 ], maize [36,37], and rapeseed [38]. Collectively, these high a-tocopherol natural variants represent promising alternatives to transgenic crops, notably for countries in which the production and/or marketing of plant GMOs are currently banned.…”

Section: Update On the Tocochromanol Biosynthetic Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current strategies for vitamin E biofortification of crops

Mène-Saffrané

Pellaud

2017

Current Opinion in Biotechnology

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Vitamin E refers to four tocopherols and four tocotrienols that are exclusively synthesized by photosynthetic organisms. While a-tocopherol is the most potent vitamin E compound, it is not the main form consumed since the composition of most major crops is dominated by g-tocopherol. Nutritional studies show that populations of developed countries do not consume enough vitamin E and that a large proportion of individuals exhibit plasma a-tocopherol deficiency. Following the identification of vitamin E biosynthetic genes, several strategies including metabolic engineering, classic breeding and mutation breeding, have been undertaken to improve the vitamin E content of crops. In addition to providing crops in which vitamin E content is enhanced, these studies are revealing the bottlenecks limiting its biosynthesis.

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Tocopherol and tocotrienol contents of different varieties of rice in Malaysia

Abstract: This study provides information on vitamin E content of different rice varieties that would be beneficial for decision making in genetic breeding of bioactive compound-rich rice varieties.

Cited by 41 publications

References 21 publications

Natural variations in OsγTMT contribute to diversity of the α-tocopherol content in rice

Natural variations in OsγTMT contribute to diversity of the α-tocopherol content in rice

Quantification of Tocopherols, Tocotrienols and γ-Oryzanol Contents of Local Rice Varieties in Northeastern Thailand

Current strategies for vitamin E biofortification of crops

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