“…Other factors that attract WP smokers, especially adolescents, are its aromatic and condensed smoke, attractive pipe design, availability, inexpensive tobacco, and social acceptance because of traditional associations and it being less stigmatized than cigarette smoking [22]. WP smoking is a new challenge for global public health efforts [23], and recent studies have shown that WP smoke is more harmful than cigarette smoke, because one session of WP smoking expose it's users to a larger amount of smoke and higher level of tobacco toxicants such as tar, carbon monoxide, nicotine, and arsenic compared with one cigarette [24][25][26][27][28][29].WP smoking is considered to be associated with lung cancer, esophageal cancer, low birth weight, periodontal diseases, and pulmonary dysfunction [30].…”