Tobacco and Evoked Potential

Hall, Robert A.; Rappaport, Maurice; Hopkins, H. K.; Griffin, R.

doi:10.1126/science.180.4082.212

Cited by 56 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In smokers, smoking increased the amplitude of longlatency visual (flash)-evoked potentials, whereas abstinence from smoking for many hours reduced the evoked potential amplitude (Hall et al 1973;Friedman and Meares 1980). Similarly, in the auditory system, smoking increased the amplitude and reduced the peak latency of middle latency (midbrain and forebrain) components of an auditory (click)-evoked potential relative to the response obtained following a period of abstinence, or relative to the response in nonsmokers (Kishimoto and Domino 1998; but see Friedman and Meares 1980).…”

Section: Cortical Nachrs Regulate Responses To Sensory Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Sensory Cortex: Figure 1

Metherate¹

2004

Learn. Mem.

119

101

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Acetylcholine release in sensory neocortex contributes to higher-order sensory function, in part by activating nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Molecular studies have revealed a bewildering array of nAChR subtypes and cellular actions; however, there is some consensus emerging about the major nAChR subtypes and their functions in sensory cortex. This review first describes the systems-level effects of activating nAChRs in visual, somatosensory, and auditory cortex, and then describes, as far as possible, the underlying cellular and synaptic mechanisms. A related goal is to examine if sensory cortex can be considered a model system for cortex in general, because the use of sensory stimuli to activate neural circuits physiologically is helpful for understanding mechanisms of systems-level function and plasticity. A final goal is to highlight the emerging role of nAChRs in developing sensory cortex, and the adverse impact of early nicotine exposure on subsequent sensory-cognitive function.

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Section: Cortical Nachrs Regulate Responses To Sensory Stimulimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Sensory Cortex: Figure 1

Metherate¹

2004

Learn. Mem.

119

101

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“…Reports of increased EP amplitudes, most recently by Woodson et al, [1982], and particularly with low inten sity visual stimuli [Hall et al, 1973] have been inter preted as reflecting a physiological basis for the frequently reported tobacco-induced enhancement and/or restora tive effects on visual attentional processes [Myrsten and Andersson, 1978], larger EPs being indicative of en hanced perception of task relevant stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco Effects on Cortical Evoked Potentials to Distracting Stimuli

Knott¹

1985

Neuropsychobiology

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In a group of female smokers, cortical evoked potentials (EP) were averaged to low and high intensity auditory stimuli which were presented during both task and non-task conditions and in separate smoking and nonsmoking sessions. Four individual EP peaks, P₁, N_1; P₂, N₂ and 3 peak-to-peak measures, P₁-N₂, N₁-P₂, N₂-P₂, were involved in amplitude analysis. Tobacco significantly interacted with intensity and task condition to produce both increases (P₁, N₁) and decreases (P₂, P₂-N₂) in amplitudes of EP peaks. The results are discussed in relation to arousal and information processing.

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“…Although nicotine and cigarette smoking have generally stimulant effects on ongoing EEG [Philips, 1971;Knott and Venables, 1977], both depressant and stimulant effects have been reported on phasic EEG as measured by averaged event-related potentials (ERP) [Hall et al, 1973;Knott and Venables, 1978;Friedman and Meares, 1980;Woodson et al, 1982], This led to the proposal that smoking has a 'normalizing or stabilizing effect on the central nervous system' [Knott and Vena bles, 1978] and augments attentional processes by func tioning as a stimulus filter [Knott, 1985;Woodson et al, 1982]. Such conclusions are limited, however, by the fact that these methods do not provide any objective or direct measures of the supposed behavioral changes in mental performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Information Processing and Concomitant Event-Related Brain Potentials in Smokers Differing in CO Absorption

Michel¹,

Buzzi²,

Woodson³

et al. 1987

Neuropsychobiology

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The present study relates subject-paced rapid information processing to different components of event-related brain potentials in an attempt to gain more information about changes in mental performance in relation to alveolar smoke absorption as assessed by expired air CO measurement. The task consisted in the presentation of pseudorandom sequences of single digits, and the subjects had to respond to each sequence of three odd or three even digits. The triplets evoked a typical late negativity in the event-related potential between the second and third digit as well as a P300 component following the third digit. In 21 smokers, task performance, event-related potentials and tidal air CO concentration were measured before and after smoking a cigarette. The results revealed increases in performance and P300 magnitude from pre- to postsmoking which were unaffected by the amount of CO absorption. A differential trend was seen, however, with the late negativity, which increased from pre- to postsmoking only in subjects with a large amount of CO absorption. The results support the assumption of the distraction arousal model used as an interpretation of these effects on contingent negative variation and suggest that high CO absorbing smokers possibly depend more on neuropharmacological effects of smoking than smokers with a low amount of CO absorption.

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Tobacco and Evoked Potential

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Sensory Cortex: Figure 1

Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Sensory Cortex: Figure 1

Tobacco Effects on Cortical Evoked Potentials to Distracting Stimuli

Rapid Information Processing and Concomitant Event-Related Brain Potentials in Smokers Differing in CO Absorption

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