To Determining the Parameters Affecting the Flexible Working Element of Haulm Chopper

Abstract

Potato in the Russian Federation takes the second place after grain in its economic importance. In the public sector, potatoes are cultivated on farms, personal and subsidiary plots. In connection with the transition to market relations, the area for planting potatoes has sharply decreased, and as a result, the production of potato harvesting equipment. Therefore, the question arose of the further creation and production of the simplest potato harvesting equipment and the improvement of their new working units. Pre-harvest removal chopping tops occupies an important place in the technology of potato cultivation. The easiest way to remove the tops is mechanical. During operation, it was noted that rotary machines have a number of disadvantages caused by the imperfection of the rotor design, its kinematic regimes, insufficient balance and reliability. In order to eliminate these shortcomings, a rotary topper with a vertical axis of rotation was designed and manufactured. To justify the design and operational parameters, theoretical studies of the process of interaction of the working element of the chopper with the tops of root crops were carried out, as a result of which the main patterns characterizing the working element were identified. In particular, a dependence was obtained that allows one to determine the shape of the line of the working element, which takes into account both the design parameters and the operating modes of the developed haulm chopper. Due to the action of gravity and air resistance during rotation, the working element cannot be a straight rod, that is, the farther the point of the working element from the center of rotation, the more it will lag behind the intended straight line. The deviation value will be in direct proportion to the transverse size of the working element and inversely to the linear density of its material. The coefficient of air resistance is determined experimentally, due to the influence on its value of both the shape and structure of the surface of the working element, as well as humidity and air temperature.

Substantiation and Determination of Furrower Parameters of Potato Planter

“…Отсюда высота точки стыка дисков будет равна: (8) Если величину из выражения (2) подставить в формулу (1), получим: (9) Тогда подставив величину h из выражения (8) в формулу (9), окончательно получим: (10) Таким образом, в выражениях ( 8) и (10) учтены технологические параметры, конструктивные особенности бороздообразователя и физико-механические свойства почвы.…”

“…При этом следует отметить, что создание новых рабочих органов для посадки клубней картофеля, наиболее полно отвечающих требованиям агротехники, сдерживается недостаточной изученностью данного вопроса как в теоретическом, так и экспериментальном плане. В связи с этим актуальным является создание комбинированных картофелесажалок, одновременно совмещающих несколько операций, что способствует повышению их производительности при меньших энергетических и трудовых затратах с улучшением агротехнических показателей [8,9].…”