TNF-α localization in the Dental Pulp of Albino Rats Receiving Long Term Treatment with Tramadol Hydrochloride

Abstract

Objectives: This investigation estimated the effect of Tramadol hydrochloride on the dental pulp of young male albino rats through histological examination and immune histochemical localization of TNF-α. Materials and Methods:The study sample consisted of 30 young male albino rats which were divided into two groups; the control group (Group I) included 10 rats and the treatment group (Group II) included 20 rats and were given an oral dose consisting of 60 mg/kg body weight Amadol (tramadol hydrochloride) daily for a period of 4 months. Results:The light microscopic examination of the dental pulp of the rats received Amadol revealed marked structural degenerative changes in the dental pulp. The immunohistochemical results of the dental pulp of Amadol group showed strongly positive TNF-α staining reactivity of the odontoblasts, fibroblasts, collagen fibers and blood vessels indicating the degenerating process. Conclusion:long term use of Tramadol has destructive effects on dental pulp so, it must be prescribed and used with precautions.