Titanosaurid trackways from the Upper Cretaceous of Bolivia: evidence for large manus, wide-gauge locomotion and gregarious behaviour

Lockley, Martin G.; Schulp, Anne S.; Meyer, Christian A.; Leonardi, G.; Mamani, David Kerumba

doi:10.1006/cres.2002.1006

Cited by 84 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…4.3), for it contains pairs of long, parallel trackways made by medium individuals, as well as many crossing trackways left by animals moving individually (Le Loeuff and Martínez, 1997; Schulp and Brokx, 1999;Vila et al, 2008). Thus, we concur with Lockley et al (2002a) that the Fumanya Sud tracksite shows "a congregation of many individuals in the same area and occasional passage of several individuals in the same direction". The multidirectional orientation patterns of Galinha and Pedra da Mua level 5 both include long, straight trackways (directional) and turning trackways with considerable changes in direction (milling), (Figs.…”

Section: Orientation Patterns Of the Iberian Sauropod Trackwayssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Among the sauropod ichnotypes in the global track record (Fig. 5.1), gregarious behaviour has only been described in association with Parabrontopodus-like/Breviparopus-like and Brontopoduslike ichnotypes (Lockley et al, 1986;1994b;2002a;2002b;Lockley and Meyer, 2000;Mezga et al, 2007;Marty, 2008) or among other sauropods not yet associated with a specific ichnotype (Leonardi, 1994;Day et al, 2004). …”

Section: Taxonomic Palaeoecological and Palaeoenvironmental Implicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, gregarious behaviour in dinosaurs has been inferred on the basis of ichnological evidence for different dinosaur groups; these include theropods, ornithopods and sauropods (e.g., Lockley et al, 1994a;Pérez-Lorente et al, 1997;Lockley and Meyer, 2000;Day et al, 2004;Barco et al, 2006;Mezga et al, 2007;García-Ortíz de Landaluce and Díaz-Martínez, 2008;Marty, 2008;Castanera et al, 2011). On a worldwide scale, parallel sauropod trackways with regular intertrackway spacing have been interpreted as a "herd", "gregarious behaviour", "gregariousness", or simply "social behaviour" (Ostrom, 1972;Lockley et al, 1986;Lockley, 1991;Lockley et al, 2002a;2002b;Myers and Fiorillo, 2009), implying that the individuals were moving together simultaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sauropod trackways of the Iberian Peninsula: palaeoetological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Castanera

Vila

Razzolini

et al. 2014

Journal of Iberian Geology

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More than a hundred sauropod tracksites, ranging in age from Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) to Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian), are reported from the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). Sauropod trackway orientation patterns throughout an entire geographic area such as the Iberian Peninsula and over different time periods may provide new data about the palaeoecology and behavioural patterns of sauropods. The studied tracksites exhibit two main trackway orientation patterns, directional and random, indicating different behaviours in gregarious or solitary (milling) individuals. Gregarious behavioural patterns are mainly observed within Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like and Brontopodus-like ichnotypes of a single size class (either small or medium-sized), indicating age segregation. Among the gregarious sauropods the former ichnotype is linked with inland environments, while the latter is mainly linked with coastal environments. Solitary trackways are mainly of medium-sized to large individuals, are also linked with both inland (Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like) and coastal environments (Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like, Brontopodus-like), and belong to the above-mentioned ichnotypes as well as to Polyonyx-like ichnotypes. Thus, no obvious link between gregarious behaviour and the palaeoenvironmental setting can be inferred from the sauropod track record of the Iberian Peninsula. Nonetheless, sauropod trackways showing titanosauriform characters (Brontopoduslike) are more common in coastal environments, contrary to what might be expected given this group's apparent taxonomic preference for inland environments.Keywords: Sauropod trackways, palaeoecology, gregarious behaviour, Jurassic, Cretaceous, Iberian Peninsula Resumen El registro Ibérico (España y Portugal) de icnitas de saurópodos está representado por más de cien yacimientos cuya edad varía desde el Jurásico Medio (Batoniense) al Cretácico Superior (Maastrichtiense). El estudio de la orientación de los rastros, en un área determinada como la Península Ibérica y en diferentes edades, nos ha permitido obtener nuevos datos sobre el comportamiento de los saurópodos. Los rastros de los yacimientos estudiados presentan dos patrones de movimiento distintos, direccionales y aleatorios, que reflejan distintos comportamientos en individuos gregarios o solitarios (deambulantes). El patrón que indica comportamiento gregario se observa en los icnotipos "Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like" y "Brontopodus-like" en saurópodos del mismo tamaño (pequeño o medio), lo que indica segregación por edad. El primer icnotipo se ha conservado en sedimentos depositados en ambientes terrestres mientras que el segundo lo hace fundamentalmente en ambientes costeros. Los rastros solitarios son, en su mayoría, de saurópodos de tamaño medio o grande, conservados tanto en medios terrestres ("Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like"), como costeros ("Parabrontopodus/Breviparopus-like" y "Brontopodus-like") y pertenecen a los dos icnotipos mencionados anteriormente y a un tercero: "Polyonyx...

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Section: Orientation Patterns Of the Iberian Sauropod Trackwayssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Taxonomic Palaeoecological and Palaeoenvironmental Implicatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sauropod trackways of the Iberian Peninsula: palaeoetological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Castanera

Vila

Razzolini

et al. 2014

Journal of Iberian Geology

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“…So far, the longest known continuous trackway (about 350m long) is attributed to a late Cretaceous dinosaur in the Andes Mountains, Bolivia (Lockley et al, 2002; Dinosaur News, 15 th August, 1998 www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/dinosaurs/news/Boliviatracks.shtml). Another sauropod footprint site from near Lyon, France, can rival the Bolivia occurrence (Science Daily, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/ 091009132928.htm).…”

Section: Trackway Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longest crab trackways from the Bay of Bengal Coast, India: their geological and geotechnical application

De¹

2014

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Neoichnological appraisal of amphibious side-runner crab Ocypode produced on the Bakkhali beach in eastern India has revealed how animal physiology, life-habits and substrate decide architecture, orientation, continuity, morphological variations and preservation potential of their typically asymmetric trackways. About 100 m long, seaward moving, parallel and cross-coast trackways that constitute the world's longest ever known invertebrate trackways amongst modern and ancient records are generated selectively by adults while herding down beach slope in quest of life-saving seawater to moisten their gills. Smaller, freely-wandering and self-crossing trackways in the moist intertidal flat are produced by young while searching food, making pellets and runways, and escaping from predators. The unnamed asymmetric crustacean trackways of Eocene of Andaman and Quaternary Banas Basin of India constitute ancient analogues of the Ocypode trackways. The analogy and fossil arthropod trackways as delicate as the present ones justify their preservation potential. The palaeoichnological applications include ichnotaxonomic revisions, creation of new ichnotaxon as taphonomic and ethological variants, and taxonomic identification of ancient trace makers, besides palaeoecological and palaeogeomorphic interpretations. It relates animal physiology with ichnotaxonomy in detail, provides new information to the existing database, and bears application potential in coastal geotechnical programmes as a new ichnological tool.

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“…The occurrence of multiple parallel trackways has previously been used to imply herd behaviour in both dinosaurs and mammals (e.g. Cohen et al, 1993;Day et al, 2002;Lockley et al, 2002).…”

Section: Trackway Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diprotodontid footprints from the Pliocene of Central Australia

Camens¹,

Wells

2009

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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ABSTRACT-The first Pliocene marsupial fossil trackways from Australia are described. The trackways, attributed to Euowenia grata (De Vis) (Diprotodontoidea, Marsupialia), occur in the middle Pliocene Tirari Formation, Warburton River, northern South Australia. The trackways were formed as the animals made their way across a soft claypan. Pad impressions, subsequently infilled by a gypsum-cemented clay, indicate how weight was distributed within the pes.

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Titanosaurid trackways from the Upper Cretaceous of Bolivia: evidence for large manus, wide-gauge locomotion and gregarious behaviour

Cited by 84 publications

References 8 publications

Sauropod trackways of the Iberian Peninsula: palaeoetological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Sauropod trackways of the Iberian Peninsula: palaeoetological and palaeoenvironmental implications

Longest crab trackways from the Bay of Bengal Coast, India: their geological and geotechnical application

Diprotodontid footprints from the Pliocene of Central Australia

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