Titanium-Carbide Formation in a Liquid Hydrocarbon Medium by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation

Кочуев, Д. А.; Khorkov, K. S.; Abramov, D. V.; Аракелян, С. М.; Prokoshev, V. G.

doi:10.1134/s1027451018050622

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Ti–H stretching modes are expected to arise in the range of 1400–1600 cm –1 but could not be assigned unambiguously. Nevertheless, these new features formed upon exposing Ti–Al–B NP-doped JP-10 to focused 532 nm light reveal an active photochemistry at 532 nm. − …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

et al. 2021

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We report the results on the combustion of single, levitated droplets of exo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10) doped with titanium−aluminum−boron (Ti−Al−B) reactive metal nanopowders (RMNPs) in an oxygen (60%)−argon (40%) atmosphere by exploiting an ultrasonic levitator with droplets ignited by a carbon dioxide laser. Ultraviolet−visible (UV−vis) emission spectroscopy revealed the presence of gas-phase aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti) atoms. These atoms can be oxidized in the gas phase by molecular oxygen to form spectroscopically detected aluminum monoxide (AlO) and titanium monoxide (TiO) transients. Analysis of the optical ignition videos supports that the nanoparticles are ignited before JP-10. The detection of boron monoxide (BO) further proposes an active surface chemistry through the oxidation of the RMNPs and the release of at least BO into the gas phase. The oxidation of gas-phase BO by molecular oxygen to boron dioxide (BO 2 ) plus atomic oxygen might operate in the gas phase, although the involvement of surface oxidation processes of RMNPs to BO 2 cannot be discounted. The UV−vis emission spectra also revealed the key reactive intermediates (OH, CH, C 2 , and HCO) of the oxidation of JP-10. Electronic structure calculations reveal that the presence of reactive radicals has a profound impact on the oxidation of JP-10. Although titanium monoxide (TiO) reacts to produce titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ), it does not engage in an active JP-10 chemistry as all abstraction pathways are endoergic by more than 217 kJ mol −1 . This is similar for atomic aluminum and titanium, whose hydrogen abstraction reactions from JP-10 were revealed to be endoergic by at least 77 kJ mol −1 . Therefore, aluminum and titanium react preferentially with molecular oxygen to produce their monoxides. However, the formation of BO, AlO, and BO 2 supplies a pool of highly reactive radicals, which can abstract hydrogen from JP-10 via transition states ranging from only 1 to 5 kJ mol −1 above the separated reactants, forming JP-10 radicals along with the hydrogen abstraction products (boron hydride oxide, aluminum monohydroxide, and metaboric acid) in the overall exoergic reactions. These abstraction barriers are well below the barriers of abstractions for ground-state atomic oxygen and molecular oxygen. In this sense, gas-phase BO, AlO, and BO 2 catalyze the oxidation of gas-phase JP-10 via hydrogen abstraction, forming highly reactive JP-10 radicals. Overall, the addition of RMNPs to JP-10 not only provides a higher energy density fuel but is also expected to lead to shorter ignition delays compared to pure JP-10 due to the highly reactive pool of radicals (BO, AlO, and BO 2 ) formed in the initial stage of the oxidation process.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

et al. 2021

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“…When the laser beam interacts with the surface of the titanium sample, the material is dynamically eroded by the movement of the laser beam along the scanned plane [8]. If the intensity of the radiation is high enough to overcome the melting threshold, these changes are reflected mainly in the surface morphology [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, laser ablation in liquid medium has been proven to be a very promising method for extracting nanoparticles and fabricating hydrides, carbides, and oxides grown by chemical reactions during machining [3,4,6]. Especially significant is the production of titanium nanoparticles, titanium oxides (piezoelectric crystals, fuel cells, sensors) [7] and titanium carbide (cut tool coatings) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Liquid Medium on Laser Ablation of Titanium

Bočáková

Necpal

Sahul³

2022

Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology

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Titanium grade 2 plates were modified by a pulsed nanosecond laser beam. The aim was to determine the surface properties after the machining process in two different liquid media. The samples were processed in distilled water and paraffin oil. It was found that a surface with half-surface roughness values with a number of cracks was formed in distilled water. The presence of water reduced the size of the heat-affected zone.

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“…A silicon surface coated with carbon is transformed to SiC by femtosecond laser irradiation [30] . A TiC surface is formed on Ti plates immersed in hexane or acetone upon femtosecond laser pulse treatment [31–33] . A TiN/TiON surface is formed on titanium by femtosecond laser pulses in a nitrogen atmosphere [34,35] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Titanium Nitride, Titanium Carbide, and Silicon Carbide Surfaces by High Power Femtosecond Laser Treatment

Fedorov

Lederle

et al. 2021

ChemPlusChem

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Coatings based on titanium nitrides, titanium carbides and silicon carbides can optimize the surface properties of titanium or silicon for various applications ranging from biocompatibility to chemical stability and durability. Here, we investigated a high power (100 W) high pulse repetition rate femtosecond laser process (λ=1030 nm, τ=750 fs, f=1 MHz) for the treatment of titanium and silicon in atmospheres of argon, nitrogen, methane, ethene and acetylene. In a nitrogen atmosphere, a homogeneous coating of TiON is formed on titanium. In an ethene/argon atmosphere coatings of TiOC and SiC are formed on Ti and Si, respectively. The process allows a fast surface transformation with a process rate of 0.33 cm2 s−1 and a high spatial resolution below 0.5 mm with a minimal heat affected zone at the same time. In contrast to low repetition rate femtosecond laser processed samples, the surfaces are more robust against mechanical impact. At the same time, the surfaces reveal a distinct microstructure in comparison to coatings obtained by vapor deposition techniques.

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Titanium-Carbide Formation in a Liquid Hydrocarbon Medium by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

Influence of Liquid Medium on Laser Ablation of Titanium

Formation of Titanium Nitride, Titanium Carbide, and Silicon Carbide Surfaces by High Power Femtosecond Laser Treatment

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Titanium-Carbide Formation in a Liquid Hydrocarbon Medium by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation

Cited by 10 publications

References 8 publications

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C10H16) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C10H16) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

Influence of Liquid Medium on Laser Ablation of Titanium

Formation of Titanium Nitride, Titanium Carbide, and Silicon Carbide Surfaces by High Power Femtosecond Laser Treatment

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Product

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Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder

Combined Spectroscopic and Computational Investigation on the Oxidation of exo-Tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (JP-10; C₁₀H₁₆) Doped with Titanium–Aluminum–Boron Reactive Metal Nanopowder