Tissue spinal cord response in rats after implants of polypyrrole and polyethylene glycol obtained by plasma

Olayo, Roberto; Rı́os, Camilo; Salgado–Ceballos, Hermelinda; Cruz, Guillermo J.; Morales, J.; Olayo, M. G.; Alcaraz-Zubeldia, Mireya; Alvarez, Ana Laura; Mondragón, R.; Morales, Axayacatl; Dı́az-Ruiz, Araceli

doi:10.1007/s10856-007-3080-z

Cited by 102 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Conduits made of this material did not show any acute or active chronic inflammatory infiltrate, or tissue damage in the surrounding tissues, for at least 8 weeks of in vivo implantation as sciatic nerve guides. Olayo et al (2008) synthesized semiconductor biomaterials of iodine-doped PPy and PPy-polyethylene glycol. Their results showed good compatibility of these materials after implantation into the transectioned spinal cord tissue, indicating the suitability of the materials for repairing spinal cord damage.…”

Section: Polypyrrolementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Ghasemi‐Mobarakeh¹,

Prabhakaran²,

Morshed³

et al. 2011

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

587

384

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Among the numerous attempts to integrate tissue engineering concepts into strategies to repair nearly all parts of the body, neuronal repair stands out. This is partially due to the complexity of the nervous anatomical system, its functioning and the inefficiency of conventional repair approaches, which are based on single components of either biomaterials or cells alone. Electrical stimulation has been shown to enhance the nerve regeneration process and this consequently makes the use of electrically conductive polymers very attractive for the construction of scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering. In this review, by taking into consideration the electrical properties of nerve cells and the effect of electrical stimulation on nerve cells, we discuss the most commonly utilized conductive polymers, polypyrrole (PPy) and polyaniline (PANI), along with their design and modifications, thus making them suitable scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering. Other electrospun, composite, conductive scaffolds, such as PANI/gelatin and PPy/poly(ε-caprolactone), with or without electrical stimulation, are also discussed. Different procedures of electrical stimulation which have been used in tissue engineering, with examples on their specific applications in tissue engineering, are also discussed.

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Section: Polypyrrolementioning

confidence: 99%

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Ghasemi‐Mobarakeh¹,

Prabhakaran²,

Morshed³

et al. 2011

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

587

384

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“…It has been also reported that these plasma combinations of Py and EG can be used as implants in the spinal cord of rats after a severe injury to prevent secondary destruction in the spinal cord tissues and to partially recover the lost motor functions [9,10]. In view of this important use, in this work, the main atomic chemical states of plasma PEG/PPy/I copolymers are studied by XPS considering the energetic distribution of C1s, O1s, N1s, and I3d atomic orbitals with the purpose to identify and quantify the structure in the copolymers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

XPS Study of the Chemical Structure of Plasma Biocopolymers of Pyrrole and Ethylene Glycol

González-Torres

Olayo

Cruz

et al. 2014

Advances in Chemistry

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An XPS study about the structure of plasma biocopolymers synthesized with resistive radio frequency glow discharges and random combinations of ethylene glycol, pyrrole, and iodine, as a dopant, is presented in this work. The collisions of molecules produced structures with a great variety of chemical states based in the monomers, their combinations, crosslinking, doping, fragmentation, and oxidation at different levels in the plasma environment. Iodine appears bonded in the copolymers only at high power of synthesis, mainly as C-I and N-I chemical bonds. Multiple bonds as C≡C, C≡N, C=O, and C=N were found in the copolymers, without belonging to the initial reagents, and were generated by dehydrogenation of intermediate compounds during the polymerization. The main chemical states on PEG/PPy/I indicate that all atoms in pyrrole rings participate in the polymerization resulting in crosslinked, partially fragmented, and highly oxidized structures. This kind of analysis can be used to modify the synthesis of polymers to increase the participation of the most important chemical states in their biofunctions.

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“…The plasma techniques have an additional advantage, ramifications and/or crosslinking can be handled for specific applications. [1,2] Polyethylenglycol (PEG) and polyallylamine (PAl) are biocompatible materials because they have OH and NH groups in their structure that can join with some chemical groups in the living tissues. PEG has been used in materials for implants, biosensors, administration of medicine systems, etc; and combined with polypyrrole, it has been also used in the reconnection of neuronal cells in the spinal cord with promising results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PEG has been used in materials for implants, biosensors, administration of medicine systems, etc; and combined with polypyrrole, it has been also used in the reconnection of neuronal cells in the spinal cord with promising results. [1][2][3][4][5] On the other hand, PAl has been used in biological applications to promote the adhesion and growth of cells, which increase the biocompatibility of different materials. [6][7][8] Considering these characteristics, a copolymer formed with both components can be a biocompatible material to be used in the reconnection of neuronal system after a severe lesion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Copolymerization of Ethylene Glycol and Allylamine

Gómez

Morales

Cruz

et al. 2009

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary: This work presents the plasma copolymerization of Ethylenglycol and Allylamine with the purpose to obtain thin films of biocompatible random polymers with NÀH and OÀH chemical groups. The synthesis used electrical glow discharges with mixtures of the monomers at 13.56 MHz, 10 À1 mbar and power between 40 and 120 W. The results were thin films of copolymers with NÀH, CÀH, OÀH, and C¼C groups of the monomers. The main thermal degradation of the plasma copolymers was found between 100 and 500 8C in one step, suggesting that the material behaves as only one chemical species and not as a mixture. The copolymers absorb an average of 6% of water. The contact angles between the polymers and drops of solutions with concentrations of salts similar to those in the human body vary from 208 to 528 increasing with the power of synthesis. The surfaces varied from smooth to rough as the power of synthesis increases. This physical effect appears as the main variable in increasing the contact angles in the plasma copolymers. The electrical conductivity was in the interval of 10 À8 and 10 À13 S/m and was considerably influenced by the water content in the polymers. All these data suggests that the plasma copolymers are partially hydrophilic and biocompatible.

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Tissue spinal cord response in rats after implants of polypyrrole and polyethylene glycol obtained by plasma

Cited by 102 publications

References 28 publications

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

Application of conductive polymers, scaffolds and electrical stimulation for nerve tissue engineering

XPS Study of the Chemical Structure of Plasma Biocopolymers of Pyrrole and Ethylene Glycol

Plasma Copolymerization of Ethylene Glycol and Allylamine

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