The
storage capacity, trophic magnification and risk of sixty-two
POPs have been evaluated in a well-characterized pelagic food web
(including phytoplankton, zooplankton, six fish, and two cephalopods
species) from an impacted area in NW Mediterranean Sea. Our results
show the high capacity of the planktonic compartment for the storage
of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), consistent with their estimated low trophic
magnification factors (TMF) of 0.2–2.0 (PBDEs) and of 0.3–1.1
(PCDD/Fs). ∑PBDEs dominated in the zooplankton size-class 200–1000
μm (∼330 ng g–1 lw, median), whereas
∑PCDD/Fs accumulated preferentially in phytoplankton size-class
0.7–200 μm (875 pg g–1 lw, median).
In contrast, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were preferentially
bioaccumulated in the higher trophic levels (six fish species and
two cephalopods) with TMFs = 0.8–3.9, reaching median concentrations
of 4270 and 3140 ng g–1 lw (∑PCBs) in Atlantic
bonito (Sarda sarda) and chub mackerel (Scomber
colias), respectively. For these edible species, the estimated
weekly intakes of dioxin-like POPs for humans based on national consumption
standards overpassed the EU tolerable weekly intake. Moreover, the
concentrations of nondioxin-like PCBs in S. sarda were above the EU maximum levels in foodstuffs, pointing to a risk.
No risk evidence was found due to consumption of all other edible
species studied, neither for PBDEs. The integrated burden of POPs
in the food web reached ∼18 μg g–1 lw,
representing a dynamic stock of toxic organic chemicals in the study
area. We show that the characterized food web could be a useful and
comprehensive “bioindicator” of the chemical pollution
status of the study area, opening new perspectives for the monitoring
of toxic chemicals in Mediterranean coastal waters.