Tissue Engineering of Ligaments

Rathbone, Sarah; Cartmell, Sarah H.

doi:10.5772/21298

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 106 publications

(136 reference statements)

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“…These techniques have been applied clinically with varying success for skin and cartilage. Researchers are beginning to investigate new approaches to engineer replacements for the ACL [ 13 , 14 ]. It is important to include a dialogue with the end users of these products during their development to ensure the correct criteria are being addressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most British Surgeons Would Consider Using a Tissue-Engineered Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Questionnaire Study

Rathbone

Maffulli

Cartmell

2012

Stem Cells International

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Donor site morbidity, poor graft site integration, and incorrect mechanical performance are all common problems associated with autografts for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions. A tissue-engineered (TE) ligament has the potential to overcome these problems. We produced an online questionnaire relating to tissue engineering of the ACL to obtain input from practising clinicians who currently manage these injuries. 300 British orthopaedic surgeons specialising in knee surgery and soft tissue injury were invited to participate. 86% of surgeons would consider using a TE ACL if it were an option, provided that it showed biological and mechanical success, if it significantly improved the patient satisfaction (63%) or shortened surgical time (62%). 76% felt that using a TE ACL would be more appropriate than a patellar tendon, hamstring, or quadriceps autograft. Overall, most surgeons would be prepared to use a TE ACL if it were an improvement over the current techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most British Surgeons Would Consider Using a Tissue-Engineered Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Questionnaire Study

Rathbone

Maffulli

Cartmell

2012

Stem Cells International

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Cyclically stretched ACL fibroblasts emigrating from spheroids adapt their cytoskeleton and ligament-related expression profile

et al. 2021

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Mechanical stress of ligaments varies; hence, ligament fibroblasts must adapt their expression profile to novel mechanomilieus to ensure tissue resilience. Activation of the mechanoreceptors leads to a specific signal transduction, the so-called mechanotransduction. However, with regard to their natural three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment cell reaction to mechanical stimuli during emigrating from a 3D spheroid culture is still unclear. This study aims to provide a deeper understanding of the reaction profile of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-derived fibroblasts exposed to cyclic uniaxial strain in two-dimensional (2D) monolayer culture and during emigration from 3D spheroids with respect to cell survival, cell and cytoskeletal orientation, distribution, and expression profile. Monolayers and spheroids were cultured in crosslinked polydimethyl siloxane (PDMS) elastomeric chambers and uniaxially stretched (14% at 0.3 Hz) for 48 h. Cell vitality, their distribution, nuclear shape, stress fiber orientation, focal adhesions, proliferation, expression of ECM components such as sulfated glycosaminoglycans, collagen type I, decorin, tenascin C and cell–cell communication-related gap junctional connexin (CXN) 43, tendon-related markers Mohawk and tenomodulin (myodulin) were analyzed. In contrast to unstretched cells, stretched fibroblasts showed elongation of stress fibers, cell and cytoskeletal alignment perpendicular to strain direction, less rounded cell nuclei, increased numbers of focal adhesions, proliferation, amplified CXN43, and main ECM component expression in both cultures. The applied cyclic stretch protocol evoked an anabolic response and enhanced tendon-related marker expression in ACL-derived fibroblasts emigrating from 3D spheroids and seems also promising to support in future tissue formation in ACL scaffolds seeded in vitro with spheroids.

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Cyclic tensile strain upon human mesenchymal stem cells in 2D and 3D culture differentially influences CCNL2, WDR61 and BAHCC1 gene expression levels

Rathbone

Glossop

Gough

et al. 2012

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Tissue Engineering of Ligaments

Cited by 3 publications

References 106 publications

Most British Surgeons Would Consider Using a Tissue-Engineered Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Questionnaire Study

Most British Surgeons Would Consider Using a Tissue-Engineered Anterior Cruciate Ligament: A Questionnaire Study

Cyclically stretched ACL fibroblasts emigrating from spheroids adapt their cytoskeleton and ligament-related expression profile

Cyclic tensile strain upon human mesenchymal stem cells in 2D and 3D culture differentially influences CCNL2, WDR61 and BAHCC1 gene expression levels

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