Tissue dynamics of steady state growth in Hydra littoralis

Campbell, Richard D.

doi:10.1016/0012-1606(67)90039-5

Cited by 195 publications

(136 citation statements)

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“…2), which is comparable to the range (0.1-1.8%) found by Campbell (1967a). There were variations along the body column, which had also been observed previously (Campbell, 1967a;Holstein et al, 1991). Though not statistically significant, there was a tendency in the endoderm for the rate of cell division to decrease in a basal direction, while the mitotic index was higher in the middle than at either end in the ectoderm.…”

Section: Regional Rates Of Epithelial Cell Divisionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This body column is in a dynamic state. All the epithelial cells of both layers are continuously in the mitotic cycle (Campbell, 1965(Campbell, , 1967a resulting in a doubling of the tissue every 3 days (David and Campbell, 1972). The adult body column remains constant in size as tissue is continuously lost from the extremities of the head and foot by sloughing, or lost into developing buds, hydra's asexual means of repro-0 1995 WILEY-LISS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Patterns of oriented cell division during the steady‐state morphogenesis of the body column in hydra

Shimizu

Bode

1995

Developmental Dynamics

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In an adult hydra, the tissue of the body column is in a dynamic state. The epithelial cells of both layers are constantly in the mitotic cycle. As the tissue expands, it is continuously displaced along the body axis in either an apical or basal direction, but not in a circumferential direction. Using a modified whole mount method we examined the orientation of mitotic spindles to determine what role the direction of cell division plays in axial displacement. Surprisingly, the direction of cell division was found to differ in the two epithelial layers. In the ectoderrn it was somewhat biased in an axial direction. In the endoderm it was strongly biased in a circumferential direction. For both layers, the directional biases occurred throughout the length of the body column, with some regional variation in its extent. As buds developed into adults, the bias in each layer increased from an almost random distribution to the distinctly different orientations of the adult. Thus, to maintain the observed axial direction of tissue displacement, rearrangement of the epithelial cells of both layers must occur continuously in the adult as well as in developing animals. How the locomotory and contractile behavior of the muscle processes of the epithelial cells may effect changes in cell shape, and thereby influence the direction of cell division in each layer, is discussed. o 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Section: Regional Rates Of Epithelial Cell Divisionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of oriented cell division during the steady‐state morphogenesis of the body column in hydra

Shimizu

Bode

1995

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Tardent (1954) used a whole mount technique to examine the distribution of interstitial cells throughout the epithelial layer of hydra. Burnett (1966) and Campbell (1967) used serial sections to count epithelial, gland, interstitial, mucous, and nematoblast cells in H. littoralis. In the present paper we use a maceration technique (David, 1972), which allows a quantitative examination of all the basic cell types--including nerve cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative analysis of cell types during growth and morphogenesis in Hydra

Bode

Berking

David

et al. 1973

W. Roux' Archiv f. Entwicklungsmechanik

250

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Sum~J,z~ry. Tissue maceration was used to determine the absolute number and the distribution of eel] types in Hydra. It was shown that the total number of cells per animal as well as the distribution of cells vary depending on temperature, feeding eonditions, and state of growth. During head and foot regeneration and during budding the first detectable change in the cell distribution is an increase in the number of nerve cells at the site of morphogenesis. These results and the finding that nerve cells are most concentrated in the head region, diminishing in density down the body column, are discussed in relation to tissue polarity.

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“…[33,34] Both belong to class Hydrozoa, but Hydra's biology is closer to our hypothetical example. The somatic cells of an asexually reproducing polyp of the hermaphroditic hydra are constantly mitotically cycling, old cells sloughing off and being replaced about every 20 days, [35] allowing the individual members to live for a very long time and to regenerate its body even when torn into pieces, unless the whole organism dies for some reason. Hydra's somatic cells can die but they are constantly replaced in order for the multicellular organism to survive; therefore, there is a significant life/death compromise.…”

Section: The Tremendous Cost Of Living Forevermentioning

confidence: 99%