Tissue distribution and residue depletion of oxolinic acid in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) and sharpsnout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo) following multiple in-feed dosing

Antibacterial Agents in Mediterranean Finfish Farming: A Synopsis of Drug Pharmacokinetics in Important Euryhaline Fish Species and Possible Environmental Implications

“…Maximal plasma OA levels following single or multiple oral dosing in both gilthead and sharpsnout sea bream, were found to be $1 lg mL )1 (Rigos et al, 2002c(Rigos et al, , 2003b(Rigos et al, , 2004d, while respective values for FLU after single dosing in gilthead sea bream was higher at 1.7 lg mL )1 . This difference may be attributable to the greater F of FLU in gilthead sea bream, and is therefore indicative of the greater therapeutic efficacy of FLU as previously mentioned.…”

“…A study of the tissue distribution of OA following multiple dosing, revealed that liver, bile and skin act as reservoirs of the drug treatment in both gilthead and sharpsnout sea bream with rapid depletion of the drug from all tissues to ''consumer safe levels'' (MRL = 100 ng g )1 ; EMEA, 2003) 24 h after completion of treatment at 19°C (Rigos et al, 2003b). The rapid clearance of OA in euryhaline fish species is a beneficial feature, allowing fish are to enter the market more rapidly.…”

“…In the case of OA, t 1/2b values following multiple dosing of sharpsnout and gilthead sea bream, have been estimated to be 12 and 11-14 h in muscle and skin, respectively, at 19°C (Rigos et al, 2003b). Corresponding values for FLU (18-24°C) and SARA (18-25°C) for muscle and skin of the same species were found to be 22 and 18-33 h (Tyrpenou et al, 2003a,b).…”

Distribution and depletion of sulfadiazine after a multiple per os dosing in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fed two different diets

“…The direct effects of water temperature on the kinetics of antibacterials have been widely demonstrated (�igos � Troisi, 2005). Lower water temperatures reduce the metabolic rate of fish (Ellis et al, 1978) and inevitably the distribution and depletion rate, which in turn can result in higher tissue concentrations during therapy and slower withdrawal.…”

Study on the Fluorescence System of Oxolinic Acid‐Tb(III) and the Determination of Oxolinic Acid

“…Oxolinic acid acts by inhibiting bacterial DNA-gyrase activity (Rigos et al 2003) and effectively inhibits the growth of some pathogenic bacteria such as Vibrio alginolyticus in seawater and freshwater. So it is widely used in the prevention and treatment of aquatic product disease.…”