Tissue Culture Studies of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Bhatia, Poonam; Ashwath, Nanjappa; Senaratna, Tissa; Midmore, David J.

doi:10.1023/b:ticu.0000020430.08558.6e

“…Our current belief is that culture conditions are not well suited to promote embryo development in an in vitro environment, devoid of the protective and nutritive role of the zygotic endosperm. This is not surprising since embryos rescued from interspecific or intergeneric crosses frequently abort at different developmental stages due to disturbances in endosperm development (reviewed in Bhatia et al 2004). An alternative possibility would be the unmasking of lethal genes in the dividing haploid cells, which would preclude further development.…”

Section: Androgenic Dhs In Tomatomentioning

confidence: 99%

Androgenesis in recalcitrant solanaceous crops

Seguí-Simarro

¹

,

Corral-Martínez

²

,

Parra-Vega

³

et al. 2010

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 2 Abstract Tomato, eggplant and pepper are three solanaceous crops of outstanding importance worldwide. Thus, a fast and cheap method to produce pure (homozygous) lines is a priority for breeders. Traditionally, pure lines are produced by classical inbreeding and selection techniques, which are time consuming (several years) and costly. Alternatively, it has become possible to accelerate the production of homozygous lines through a biotechnological approach: the induction of androgenesis to generate doubled haploid (homozygous) plants. This biotechnological in vitro tool reduces the process to only one generation, which implies important time and costs savings. These facts make androgenic doubled haploids the choice in a number of important crops where the methodology is well set up. Unfortunately, recalcitrant solanaceous crops such as tomato, eggplant and pepper are still far from an efficient and reliable technology to be applied to different genotypes in breeding programs on a routine basis. In eggplant and pepper, only anther cultures are known to work relatively well. Unfortunately, a more efficient and promising technique, the culture of isolated microspores, is not sufficiently developed yet. In tomato, none of these methods is available. However, recent advances in the knowledge of zygotic and androgenic embryo development are filling the gaps and opening new ways to achieve the final goal of an efficient protocol in these three recalcitrant species. In this review, we outline the state of the art on androgenic induction in tomato, eggplant and pepper, and postulate new experimental ways in order to overcome current limitations.

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“…In particular, male-sterile mutant lines have been shown to be especially sensitive to induction (Zamir et al 1980;Zagorska et al 1998;Seguí-Simarro and Nuez 2007 On the one hand, this study confirmed that it is possible to induce androgenesis from meiocytes as long as they are in vitro cultured within the anthers, as previously shown Seguí-Simarro and Nuez 2005 environment, devoid of the protective and nutritive role of the zygotic endosperm. This is not surprising since embryos rescued from interspecific or intergeneric crosses frequently abort at different developmental stages due to disturbances in endosperm development (reviewed in Bhatia et al 2004). An alternative possibility would be the unmasking of lethal genes in the dividing haploid cells, which would preclude further development.…”

Section: Androgenic Dhs In Tomatomentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomy and genetic diversity of domesticated Capsicum species in the Andean region

Ibiza

¹

,

Blanca

²

,

Cañizares

³

et al. 2011

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 2 Abstract Tomato, eggplant and pepper are three solanaceous crops of outstanding importance worldwide. Thus, a fast and cheap method to produce pure (homozygous) lines is a priority for breeders. Traditionally, pure lines are produced by classical inbreeding and selection techniques, which are time consuming (several years) and costly. Alternatively, it has become possible to accelerate the production of homozygous lines through a biotechnological approach: the induction of androgenesis to generate doubled haploid (homozygous) plants. This biotechnological in vitro tool reduces the process to only one generation, which implies important time and costs savings. These facts make androgenic doubled haploids the choice in a number of important crops where the methodology is well set up. Unfortunately, recalcitrant solanaceous crops such as tomato, eggplant and pepper are still far from an efficient and reliable technology to be applied to different genotypes in breeding programs on a routine basis. In eggplant and pepper, only anther cultures are known to work relatively well. Unfortunately, a more efficient and promising technique, the culture of isolated microspores, is not sufficiently developed yet. In tomato, none of these methods is available. However, recent advances in the knowledge of zygotic and androgenic embryo development are filling the gaps and opening new ways to achieve the final goal of an efficient protocol in these three recalcitrant species. In this review, we outline the state of the art on androgenic induction in tomato, eggplant and pepper, and postulate new experimental ways in order to overcome current limitations.

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“…Many research groups using tomato as experimental system reported difficulties in transforming some genotypes (Sun et al, 2006). The efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer to tomato cells is influenced by many factors, the most important are: variety/genotype (Plastira and Perdikaris, 1997), explants type and orientation (Duzyaman et al, 1994;Plastira and Perdikaris, 1997;Bhatia et al, 2004;Bhatia et al, 2005), plant growth regulators (Elbakry et al, 2001;Gubiš et al, 2004), selection system used (Briza et al, 2008), addition of feeder cells or acetosyringone, Agrobacterium density, duration of infection , and effect of antibiotics on regeneration of tomato (Ling et al, 1998). It is clear from these reports that there is no universal protocol for tomato transformation and regeneration therefore optimization of these two factors is always needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of regeneration and transformation parameters in tomato and improvement of its salinity and drought tolerance

Khoudi¹,

Aida²,

S³

et al. 2009

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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As part of our efforts to improve tomato tolerance to abiotic stress, we have undertaken this study to introduce two candidate genes encoding: a sodium antiporter and a vacuolar pyrophosphatase, previously shown to enhance drought and salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. First, we evaluated the potential of primary leaves from three to four week-old in vitro-grown tomato seedlings as alternative explants to cotyledons for tomato transformation. Our results demonstrated that primary leaves are three times more efficient then cotyledons in terms of regeneration percentage, productivity, and transformation frequencies independently of the medium and genetic construct used. Second, primary leaves were used to introduce the genes of interest using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Many transgenic tomato plants were easily recovered. The presence of the transgenes and their expression were confirmed by PCR and RT-PCR analysis. The transformation frequencies for primary leaf explants ranged from 4 to 10% depending on the genetic construct used. The time required from inoculation of primary leaves with Agrobacterium cells to transfer of transgenic tomato plants to soil was only 2 months compared to 3 to 4 months using standard tomato transformation protocols. The transgenic tomato plants obtained in the current study were more tolerant to salinity and drought stress than their wild-type counterparts.

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Tissue Culture Studies of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

Cited by 97 publications

References 106 publications

Androgenesis in recalcitrant solanaceous crops

Androgenesis in recalcitrant solanaceous crops

Taxonomy and genetic diversity of domesticated Capsicum species in the Andean region

Optimization of regeneration and transformation parameters in tomato and improvement of its salinity and drought tolerance

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