“…As reported, one dimensional (1D) nanostructures could offer a straightforward pathway for electron transport, a wide space for effective pore filling of perovskites or hole transport materials, and a large surface area for carrier extraction, thus improving the photovoltaic performance of PSCs . Up to now, different kinds of 1D TiO 2 structures, such as nanorods, nanocone, nanowires, and nanotubes, have been used in PSCs. So far, there are few reports about 1D SnO 2 nanostructured ETMs for PSCs, and neither of them have so satisfactory PCE.…”