TiO₂Nanoparticles Prepared by Sol-Gel Method for Anode Application in Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

TiO 2 nanoparticles are prepared via sol-gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor under refluxing and controlled pH. It is found that pure anatase phase is obtained with pH 10. Further characterization studies are carried out on pure nanoparticle anatase phase by XRD, SEM, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Their electrochemical performances as anode material in lithium-ion batteries are investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic cycling, and rate capability measurements. A high discharge capacity of 321 mAh/g (vs. 335 mAh/g theoretical) is achieved at 1C rate. After the first galvanostatic charge/discharge cycle, voltage profiles show plateaus at 1.75 and 1.95 V versus Li at discharge and charge, respectively. High Coulombic efficiency (>99%) is maintained after 300 cycles, which makes anatase TiO 2 nanoparticles prepared by sol-gel method, a very promising material for anode application in lithium rechargeable batteries.

Theoretical validation of experimental properties of TiO2 prepared through organometallic precursors

“…[17] Uniform thin layers can be fabricated by spray pyrolysis, the deposition method we are using, with the advantage of being low cost and rather simple to implement. [18] Several studies have shown the superiority of TiO 2 layers such as the TiO 2 is nontoxic and biocompatibility than cadmium oxide [19][20][21] and good sensing properties than ZnO. [22] The application of TiO 2 in sensor devices requires that TiO 2 has the following characteristics: good crystallization, semiconductor, porous films, and so forth.…”