Time Transfer by Passive Listening Over a 10-Gb/s Optical Fiber

Emardson, Ragne; Hedekvist, Per Olof; Nilsson, M.; Ebenhag, Sven-Christian; Jaldehag, Kenneth; Jarlemark, Per; Rieck, Carsten; Johansson, Jan M.; Pendrill, Leslie; Lothberg, P.; Nilsson, Hans‐Erik

doi:10.1109/tim.2008.925023

Cited by 19 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…2). It is known that soil temperature variations of the fibre may lead to significant frequency instability (see, for example, [28]). In this section, we present a model to describe and predict the influence of soil temperature variations on the frequency stability of underground fibre links.…”

Section: Measurements and Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

et al. 2015

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Results of optical frequency transfer over a carrier-grade dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) optical fibre network are presented. The relation between soil temperature changes on a buried optical fibre and frequency changes of an optical carrier through the fibre is modelled. Soil temperatures, measured at various depths by the Royal Netherlands Meteorology Institute (KNMI) are compared with observed frequency variations through this model. A comparison of a nine-day record of optical frequency measurements through the 2 × 298 km fibre link with soil temperature data shows qualitative agreement. A soil temperature model is used to predict the link stability over longer periods (days-months-years). We show that one-way optical frequency dissemination is sufficiently stable to distribute and compare e.g. rubidium frequency standards over standard DWDM optical fibre networks.

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Section: Measurements and Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

et al. 2015

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“…In the literature, some variety of implementations of such systems may be found. Among them are the attempts to exploit the standard telecommunication infrastructure for dissemination of time/frequency reference signals [22][23][24][25][26][27]. Concerning the uncertainty of time transfer of such links, it depends on the technique used and the length of the connection; reported values range from 300 ps at 5 km [27] to several ns at 175 km [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical fibers in time and frequency transfer

Śliwczyński¹,

Krehlik²,

Lipiński³

2010

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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In the paper we analyze the fundamental accuracy limits of the time/frequency transfer in fiber-optic transmission systems based on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD) of the light signal. The unidirectional and bidirectional time/frequency transfer schemes are considered, and their main limitations are pointed out. In particular, the impact of the fiber backscattering and the temperature dependence of the chromatic dispersion are examined in the context of bidirectional transfer. Finally, experimental results are presented and related to the preceding considerations. The experiments performed with a 60 km long fiber demonstrate single-picosecond accuracy of the time transfer. Our measurements suggest that it should be possible to obtain better accuracy of time/frequency transfer than that reported in the literature for systems based on the IM-DD principle.

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“…And ultra stable frequency transfer is not modulated and also not as powerful as sensing signals, therefore possible mutual interference with data signals is relatively modest, however it is important to include them in practical verification because of optical amplifiers conditions like tampering with gain and output powers. Accurate time transfer results can be found in [4] and [5]. Ultrastable frequency transfer is described in [6] and [7].…”

Section: Photonic (Non-data) Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Photonic applications and their coexistence with standard data transmissions

Radil¹,

z.s.p.o.²,

Horváth³

et al. 2018

Instrumentation Engineering, Electronics and Telecommunications

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Fibre networks are rather common today almost in many parts of the world and it looks that fibre as the transmission medium is here to stay for some time. Data transmissions in the backbone fibre networks are based on coherent detection principles and use multilevel phase modulations like quadrature phase shift keying used for 100 Gb/s transmission speeds. But there are also new photonic applications with different requirements then raw speeds only. In order to guarantee seamless coexistence of standard and new photonic applications, we evaluate numerical simulations by using commercially available simulation tools. The simulations results show that such coexistence is possible when certain rules are followed. Simulation results are verified on real fibres to ensure reliable operation.

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Time Transfer by Passive Listening Over a 10-Gb/s Optical Fiber

Cited by 19 publications

References 16 publications

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

Effect of soil temperature on optical frequency transfer through unidirectional dense-wavelength-division-multiplexing fiber-optic links

Optical fibers in time and frequency transfer

Photonic applications and their coexistence with standard data transmissions

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