Time-resolved singlet-oxygen luminescence detection with an efficient and practical semiconductor single-photon detector

Abstract

Abstract:In clinical applications, such as PhotoDynamic Therapy, direct singlet-oxygen detection through its luminescence in the near-infrared range (1270 nm) has been a challenging task due to its low emission probability and the lack of suitable single-photon detectors. Here, we propose a practical setup based on a negative-feedback avalanche diode detector that is a viable alternative to the current state-of-the art for different clinical scenarios, especially where geometric collection efficiency is limited (e.g. fiber-based systems, confocal microscopy, scanning systems etc.). The proposed setup is characterized with Rose Bengal as a standard photosensitizer and it is used to measure the singlet-oxygen quantum yield of a new set of photosensitizers for site-selective photodynamic therapy. Tower, and J. Ferraro, "Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode focal plane arrays for three-dimensional imaging LADAR," Proc. SPIE 7808, 78080C

A compact fiber‐optic probe‐based singlet oxygen luminescence detection system

“…We previously reported successful 1 O 2 luminescence detection in PS solution using an SNSPD detector coupled to a single-mode optical fiber [19]. Similar results were recently presented using a free-running InGaAs/InP SPAD, however while the detector itself was fiber coupled, the collection optics remain bulky and impractical for a clinical setting [18]. Here, we present analogous studies utilizing a gated InGaAs/InP SPAD detector.…”

“…Recently, however, both superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) [17] and semiconductor-based single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) [18] have become available that promise substantially higher quantum efficiency and more flexible implementation. We previously reported successful 1 O 2 luminescence detection in PS solution using an SNSPD detector coupled to a single-mode optical fiber [19].…”

“…Until recently, the most detailed studies of singlet oxygen luminescence dosimetry (SOLD) used extended-wavelength photomultiplier tubes as the bestavailable detector, although the quantum efficiency was typically <$1% thus requiring bulky optics to improve collection efficiency [14][15][16]. Recently, however, both superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) [17] and semiconductor-based single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) [18] have become available that promise substantially higher quantum efficiency and more flexible implementation. We previously reported successful 1 O 2 luminescence detection in PS solution using an SNSPD detector coupled to a single-mode optical fiber [19].…”

“…Here, we present analogous studies utilizing a gated InGaAs/InP SPAD detector. Such gated SPADs do not require the same cooling restrictions as free-running SPADs, using compact Peltier cooling instead of the bulky Stirling systems of [18], and as such they are much more portable, reliable, and practical. By synchronizing the detector gating with the frequency of the pump laser source, we were able to create a gating pattern that allows the detector to be active only during important time windows (i.e.…”

Photosensitized singlet oxygen generation and detection: Recent advances and future perspectives in cancer photodynamic therapy

“…Most recently, Boso et al. proposed a practical setup for 1 O 2 luminescence detection based on negative‐feedback avalanche diode (NFAD), which holds great potential for different clinical scenarios, especially where geometric collection efficiency is limited .…”