Time of physical exercise practice after injury in cervical spinal cord-injured men is related to the increase in insulin sensitivity

Abstract

Objectives: Physical exercise has an important role in reducing body fat, risk of chronic disease and systemic inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine serum leptin and insulin concentrations and their relationship to the time of physical exercise after injury in men with cervical spinal cord injury (c-SCI). Methods: c-SCI subjects with lesion level in C5-C7 (n ¼ 25) were divided into two groups: physically active (PA, n ¼ 13; those who practiced physical exercise for at least 3 months, three times per week or more, for a total minimum of 150 min of physical activity per week) and non-physically active (N-PA, n ¼ 9). Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Blood samples were obtained 12 h after an overnight fast to measure insulin and leptin in serum, and glucose and C-reactive protein (CRP) in plasma, by validated methods. Results: Comparing the PA and N-PA group, the first presented lower: total body mass ( À13%), body mass index ( À16%), fat mass (kg À39%, FM% À30%), CRP ( À23%), serum insulin ( À61%), homeostasis model assessment (HOMA, À35%) and serum leptin ( À62%; Po0.05). Both serum insulin (r ¼ À0.561; Po0.05) and HOMA (r ¼ À0.591; Po005) were inversely proportional to the time of practice of physical activity after injury. Conclusion: Our results suggest that exercise was able to reduce fat mass and increase insulin sensitivity, decreasing plasma levels of risk factors in c-SCI subjects.

Effect of Progressive Locomotor Treadmill Compared to Conventional Training on Bone Mineral Density and Bone Remodeling in Paraplegia

“…Similar results despite the differences in subject populations were also cited by Hicks and Ginis (2008) (22) who found that BWSTT (2 -3 sessions/week) decreases total body fat. Recently, in accordance with our research Koury et al (23), illustrated that despite of difference in age, type of training, exercise duration and spinal cord injury level ,three months physical training decreased total body mass (-13%), body mass index (-16%), and fat mass (-39%). Our study is inconsistent with some research reported that LT had no effect on body fat percent in iSCI (24,25).…”

Incorporating physical activity into the rehabilitation process after spinal cord injury

“…70 Being physically active has further been linked to a reduction in total body mass, fat mass, C-reactive protein, insulin, and leptin, and more favourable profiles are associated with individuals who begin regular activity closer to the point of their injury. 71 The relationship between aerobic exercise and indices of cardiovascular health are not as well established, although VO 2peak has been shown to be predictive of insulin sensitivity, 72 and exercise training protocols using either ACE or WCE have been shown to improve high density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations and reduce the total cholesterol/high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio. 73,74…”

Métodos de avaliação da composição corporal de adultos com lesão medular: uma revisão

“…O uso do DEXA para análise da CC em pessoas com lesão medular é, sem dúvida, o mais comumente utilizado nos estudos encontrados, principalmente no exterior (JONES; LEGGE; GOULDING, 2003;SPUNGEN et al, 2003;MODLESKY et al, 2004;GATER, 2005;MANNS;MCCUBBIN;WILLIAMNS;KAYA et al, 2006;YILMAZ et al, 2007;EDWARDS et al, 2008;FORREST et al, 2008;MARUYAMA et al, 2008;GRIFFIN et al, 2009;MORSE et al, 2009;GORGEY et al, 2010a;HALSTEAD et al, 2010;CRANE et al, 2011;RIBEIRO et al, 2011;DOLBOW et al, 2012;AÑÓ et al, 2012;KOURY et al, 2013). O uso frequente do DEXA neste tipo de análise justifica-se por ter se mostrado um instrumento eficiente capaz de identificar indivíduos com percentagens de gordura corporal consistentes com a obesidade, quando parâmetros como medições de prega cutânea e análise por bioimpedância, e indiretos, como o IMC, classificam o indivíduo com estado nutricional normal (limítrofe) (CRANE et al, 2011).…”