Time-course proteomic profile ofCandida albicansduring adaptation to a fetal serum

Abstract

Candida albicans is a commensal organism; however, it causes fatal diseases if the host immunity is compromised. The mortality rate is very high due to the lack of effective treatment, leading to ceaseless demand for novel pharmaceuticals. In this study, time-course proteomics of C. albicans during adaptation to fetal bovine serum (FBS) was described. Time-course proteomics is a promising way to understand the exact process of going adaptation in dynamically changing environments. Candida albicans was cultivated in yeast nitrogen base (YNB) ± FBS media, and we identified 1418 proteins in the endpoint samples incubated for 0 or 60 min by a LC-MS/MS system with a long monolithic silica capillary column. Next, we carried out time-course proteomics of the YNB + FBS samples to identify top-priority proteins for adaption to FBS. We identified 16 proteins as nascent/newly synthesized proteins, and they were recognized as candidates of important virulent factors. Gene ontology analysis revealed that transport-related proteins were enriched in the 16 proteins, indicating that C. albicans probably put priority in time on the acquisition of essential elements. Time-course proteomics of C. albicans revealed the order of priority to adapt to FBS. Depicting time-course dynamics will lead to profound understandings of virulence of C. albicans.

Combining Proteomic Strategies and Molecular Display Technology for Development of Vaccines against Candida albicans

“…For instance, a system employing a long monolithic silica capillary column (350 cm) successfully identified 2,602 proteins produced in Escherichia coli cells in a single experiment [14]. Aoki et al [15] applied the LC-MS/ MS system to a time-course proteomic analysis of C. albicans during adaptation to fetal bovine serum (FBS). In this study, C. albicans was first grown in a YPD medium and transferred to a YNB ± FBS medium.…”

“…In the next step, prepared peptides derived from proteins identified from C. albicans grown in YNB ± FBS media were subjected to LC-MS/MS measurement using a long monolithic silica capillary column (200 cm) [16], and a lot of proteins were successfully identified. Aoki et al [15] identified 1130, 1012, and 701 proteins from the 0, 60 min cultures in YNB −FBS, and 60 min of YNB +FBS samples. In addition, 1034, 933, and 868 proteins were identified from time-course samples of 10, 20, and 40 min of YNB +FBS, respectively (Table 1).…”

“…In addition, 1034, 933, and 868 proteins were identified from time-course samples of 10, 20, and 40 min of YNB +FBS, respectively (Table 1). A total of 1418 unique proteins were identified ( Figure 1A) [15]. Of these proteins, 517 were found in all three samples and recognized as a core set of the C. albicans proteome.…”

“…Aoki et al [15] has also reported a quantitative time-course proteomics study of C. albicans during the early stages of adaptation to serum (0-180 min) [19]. Quantitative time-course proteome analysis is a promising approach.…”

“…It requires a high-throughput strategy to measure a large number of samples. In this case, an LC-MS/MS system with a monolithic silica capillary column longer (470 cm) than that described in the previous section [15] was used. Using this system, the researchers were able to identify several thousand proteins in a high-throughput manner, without laborious sample fractionation.…”