Tiletamine/zolazepam and dexmedetomidine with tramadol provide effective general anesthesia in rats

Limprasutr, Vudhiporn; Sharp, Patrick; Jampachaisri, Katechan; Pacharinsak, Cholawat; Durongphongtorn, Sumit

doi:10.1002/ame2.12143

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The sling was used out of an abundance of caution. In other species, α2 adrenergic antagonist administration is recommended after procedures where α2 adrenergic agonists are administered [ 20 ]. Commonly used α2 adrenergic antagonists are atipamezole or yohimbine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexmedetomidine Effectively Sedates Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus)

Buranapim

Kulnanan²,

Chingpathomkul³

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study investigated the sedative effects of dexmedetomidine in Asian elephants. We hypothesized that 2 µg/kg dexmedetomidine would provide sufficient standing sedation. A crossover design study was performed in three Asian elephants. Each elephant was assigned to 1 of 3 treatment groups—1 (D1), 1.5 (D1.5) or 2 (D2) µg/kg dexmedetomidine (intramuscular injection, IM) with a two-week ‘washout period’ between doses. Elephants were monitored for 120 min. At 120 min (Ta), atipamezole was administered IM. Sedation and responsiveness scores were evaluated. Physiological parameters (pulse rate, respiratory rate, and %SpO2) and clinical observations were monitored during the study and for 3 days post drug administration. D2 provided the longest sedation (approximately 70 min), compared to D1 and D1.5. After Ta, each elephant’s sedative stage lessened within 10–15 min without complications. No significant abnormal clinical observations were noted throughout and during the 3-days post study period. These data suggest that a single 2 µg/kg IM dexmedetomidine injection provides sufficient standing sedation for approximately 70 min in Asian elephants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dexmedetomidine Effectively Sedates Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus)

Buranapim

Kulnanan²,

Chingpathomkul³

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Rats were anaesthetized with Zoletil—tiletamine/zolazepam (50 mg/kg, Zoletil®, Virbac, France; Zoletil powder diluted with 5 mL sterile water for injection; 50 mg/mL tiletamine/50 mg/mL zolazepam) by intraperitoneal injection [ 21 , 22 ]. The animals were then fixed on a stereotaxic apparatus (RWD Life Science, Shenzhen, China).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delta Opioid Peptide Targets Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Reducing Apoptosis to Relieve Hypoxia-Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury

et al. 2022

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Stroke is one of the leading causes of death. (D-ala2, D-leu5) enkephalin (DADLE) is a synthetic peptide and highly selective delta opioid receptor (δOR) agonist that has exhibited protective properties in ischemia. However, the specific target and mechanism are still unclear. The present study explores the expression of δOR on brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and whether DADLE could relieve I/R-induced injury by reducing apoptosis. A lateral ventricular injection of DADLE for pretreatment, the neurofunctional behavior score, and TTC staining, were used to evaluate the protective effect of DADLE. Immunofluorescence technology was used to label different types of cells with apoptosis-positive signals to test co-localization status. Primary cultured BMECs were separated and treated with DADLE, accompanied by OGD/R. The CCK-8 test was conducted to evaluate cell viability and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-end Labelling (TUNEL) staining to test apoptosis levels. The levels of apoptosis-related proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. The co-localization results showed that BMECs, but not astrocytes, microglia, or neurons, presented mostly TUNEL-positive signals, especially in the Dentate gyrus (DG) area of the hippocampus. Either activation of δORs on rats’ brains or primary BMECs mainly reduce cellular apoptosis and relieve the injury. Interference with the expression δOR could block this effect. DADLE also significantly increased levels of Bcl-2 and reduced levels of Bax. δOR’s expressions can be detected on the BMECs, but not on the HEK293 cells, by Western blotting and IFC. Therefore, DADLE exerts a cytoprotective effect, primarily under hypoxia-ischemic injury/reperfusion conditions, by targeting BMECs to inhibit apoptosis.

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“…After 30 days of oral treatment using shrimp shell extract, all rats were euthanized for sample collection. Before euthanasia, rats were anesthetized using tiletamine and zolazepam (Zoletil, Virbac, India) at 20 mg/kg BW (Limprasutr et al, 2021). After the rat was fully anesthetized, indicated by the absence of a pedal reflex (Sivula and Suckow, 2018), it was euthanized by cutting the respiratory tract and carotid vessel in the cervix.…”

Section: Sample Collection and Histology Slide Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Shrimp Shell (Litopenaeus vannamei) Extract on Testicular Parameters of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Prasetyaningsih¹,

Adi²,

Wicaksono³

et al. 2023

WVJ

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that has become a major health problem worldwide. Reproductive dysfunction is one of the main complications of DM, particularly in men. However, as is known, shrimp shell extract contains nutrients, such as astaxanthin, that affect reproductive traits. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of shrimp shell extract on the volume, weight, and histological features of the testes of a DM rat model. Fifteen adult male rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group A (n = 5) was a healthy control group, group B (n = 5) was a DM control group, and group C (n = 5) was a DM group treated with shrimp shell extract. Rats in groups B and C were treated with streptozotocin to induce DM. Rats in group C were given shrimp shell extract at 25 mg/kg body weight for 30 consecutive days after DM induction. Testicles were collected and submitted to dimension, weight, and histological examinations. The testicle volume and weight of rats in group C were significantly higher and heavier, respectively, than rats in group B and did not differ from rats in group A. The seminiferous tubule diameter of rats in group C was significantly larger than rats in group B and did not differ from rats in group A. Rats in group B had a lower testicle volume and lighter testicle weight as well as a shorter seminiferous tubule diameter than rats in groups A and C. In conclusion, shrimp shell extract could improve male fertility parameters in a DM rat model. However, the mechanism of action needs to be studied further.

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Tiletamine/zolazepam and dexmedetomidine with tramadol provide effective general anesthesia in rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Dexmedetomidine Effectively Sedates Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus)

Dexmedetomidine Effectively Sedates Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus)

Delta Opioid Peptide Targets Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells Reducing Apoptosis to Relieve Hypoxia-Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury

The Effect of Shrimp Shell (Litopenaeus vannamei) Extract on Testicular Parameters of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

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