[Ti,Zr]-pillared montmorillonite – A new quality with respect to Ti- and Zr-pillared clays

Fabrication of zirconium-pillared montmorillonite porous ceramic as adsorbents for Cr 3+ removal and recycling

“…The component B and D, assigned to Cr 3+ ions on the basis of binding energy [20]. The component C, of lower binding energy, confirms that represents Cr 2 O 3 .…”

“…Analysis of XPS data for zirconium 3d line shows that in P-ZMt, the XPS spectrum is dominated by B species, it is characterized by BE=182.62 eV and assignable to Zr 4+ in ZrO 2 matrix [22]. The binding energy of component C, representing 38.58% of Zr species in P-ZMt, is attributed to part of the zirconium involved in Zr-O-Si bonding at the clay/pillar boundary [20], which is strongly shifted to higher value, compared to Zr/Si (179.0-179.1 eV). 20.33% A at the surface of P-ZMt, whose binding energy is 180.56 ev.…”

“…To mitigate environmental issues, porous ceramics fabricated by gelcasting were mainly filter/membrane material [16][17][18] and photocatalyst [19], which are calcinated under high temperature to increase their strength. The highest gelcasting calcination temperature of Zr-Mt is 550℃ and the d 001 -value will decreases as the temperature increases [20]. Therefore, a new, low temperature calcination condition of the gelcasting molding is used to prepare porous adsorbent from Zr-Mt, which can minimize the loss of interlayer surface area of montmorillonite when compared with the globular adsorbents.…”

Modification of Three Types of Bentonite with Zirconium Oxide Chloride (ZOC) of Local Products Using Intercalation Process

“…Synthesis of titanium-zirconium pillared montmorillonite ([Ti, Zr]-PILC) of Na-bentonite originated from Poland river with Ti and ZrOCl 2 . 8H 2 O (Fluka Analytical Grade) and TiCl 2 (Aldrich, pure > 98%) had been conducted by using the intercalation process [9]. In the same research group ([Ti, Zr]-PILC) was used as a capturing chlorinated volatile organic compounds CVOCs [10].…”

Kinetics and thermodynamic analysis of the adsorption of hydroxy-Al cations by montmorillonite

“…It is widely studied as a selective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions (Bhattacharyya and Gupta, 2008) and the separation of inorganic gases (Pires et al, 2008), catalysts for petroleum refinery (González et al, 1999) and environmental restoration (Shimizu et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2009). Numerous cations such as [Al 13 O 4 (OH) 24 (H 2 O) 12 ] 7+ and polycations of Ti(IV), Zr(IV), Cr(III), Fe(III) or Ga(III), have been used for preparation of pillared Mt (Rat'Ko et al, 2001;Duong et al, 2005;Li et al, 2013;Bahranowski et al, 2015). Alumina-pillared Mt (Al-PILM) are the most easily prepared pillared clays, mainly because the synthesis of the intercalating polycation [Al 13 O 4 (OH) 24 (H 2 O) 12 ] 7+ , usually known as Al 13 cation is simple to prepare reproducibly.…”