THz Prism: One-Shot Simultaneous Localization of Multiple Wireless Nodes With Leaky-Wave THz Antennas and Transceivers in CMOS

Abstract

In this article, we propose and demonstrate a spectrum-to-space mapping principle for localizing multiple wireless nodes in a simultaneous and single-shot fashion at terahertz (THz) frequencies. Spectrum-to-space mapping is achieved through two dual-port chip integrated waveguide (CIW)-based leaky-wave antennas (LWAs). Interfacing with the two LWAs, we integrate two transmitting and receiving chains operating between 360-and 400-GHz range in a single chip realized in a 65-nm bulk CMOS process. Utilizing the carefully engineered dispersive nature of the LWA and its frequency-dependent radiation patterns, we create unique spectrum-to-space calibration maps for both 1-D and 2-D angular localizations. The measured one-shot localization error variance is less than 1 • in 1-D space with 200-Hz-resolution bandwidth (BW) and less than 2 • in 2-D space for a 20-Hz-resolution BW. The high-resolution nature of the localization principle in a single-shot fashion makes this approach attractive for multi-wireless node localization, link discovery, beam-forming, beam-management, and beamoptimization methods.

Substrate Integrated Waveguide Multiband Bandpass Filters and Multiplexers: Current Status and Future Outlook

“…As proved by several representative wireless electronics systems demonstrated in Fig. 20, SIW techniques definitely offer a self-packaging and easy-to-integrate solution with any other planar structures to develop and implement advanced mmW and THz transceiver systems [167], [168], [169], [170], where the SIW structures are deployed not only to design Tx/Rx antennas [167], [168] but also to realize the transmissions, transitions, and BPFs [169], [170]. High-performance duplexing antenna systems have also been developed and presented in [16] and [99] based on SIW technology.…”

Leaky-Wave Structures and Techniques for Integrated Front-End Antenna Systems

“…For the same reason, it is anticipated that future THz communication systems (e.g., 6G), or the joint design of communication and radar sensing systems, may also be well compatible with the frequency-enabled beam-scanning solution. Under such circumstances, comprehensive developments of THz LWAs [34], [46], [196], [198], [200], [201], [202], [209], [222], [230], [231], [232], [233], [234], [235], which act as a key enabling front-end component for THz wireless systems, should be well considered. As a side note, using the antenna-on-chip (AoC) technology can be particularly interesting and useful for relevant THz developments, such as CMOS-based on-chip THz LWAs proposed in [234], [235].…”

“…Under such circumstances, comprehensive developments of THz LWAs [34], [46], [196], [198], [200], [201], [202], [209], [222], [230], [231], [232], [233], [234], [235], which act as a key enabling front-end component for THz wireless systems, should be well considered. As a side note, using the antenna-on-chip (AoC) technology can be particularly interesting and useful for relevant THz developments, such as CMOS-based on-chip THz LWAs proposed in [234], [235].…”

Wireless communications sensing and security above 100 GHz

“…In contrast, the aforementioned leaky-wave device can be used to rapidly track mobile clients by using the received spectral signature 64 to estimate the receiver’s relative angle from the transmitter (see Fig. 6 ), a scheme which can be generalized to three-dimensional localization 74 . As another example, with arrays of sub-wavelength elements, one can envision a centimeter-scale surface with ~1000 independently controllable devices.…”