Thyroidal Burdens of 129 from Various Dietary Sources

Sa, Book; Rj, Garner; Jk, Soldat; Lk, Bustad

doi:10.1097/00004032-197703000-00002

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Use of codes structured to permit determination of dose contributions from individual nuclide or pathway (5,11), has indicated that radiation doses from ingestion of certain other radionuclides can be higher than those from inhalation given the same initial air concentration. The most obvious example is the radiation dose from radioiodine via milk consumption, with a somewhat smaller contribution via vegetables (68)(69)(70). Similar but less dramatic relationships exist for other fission products as pointed out by Garner (8).…”

Section: Critical Pathway Considerations (Food Chains)mentioning

confidence: 77%

Problems in evaluating radiation dose via terrestrial and aquatic pathways.

Vaughan¹,

Soldat²,

Schreckhise³

et al. 1981

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review is concerned with exposure risk and the environmental pathways models used for predictive assessment of radiation dose. Exposure factors, the adequacy of available data, and the model subcomponents are critically reviewed from the standpoint of absolute error propagation. Although the models are inherently capable of better absolute accuracy, a calculated dose is usually overestimated by from two to six orders of magnitude, in practice. The principal reason for so large an error lies in using "generic" concentration ratios in situations where site specific data are needed. Major opinion of the model makers suggests a number midway between these extremes, with only a small likelihood of ever underestimating the radiation dose. Detailed evaluations are made of source considerations influencing dose (i.e., physical and chemical status of released material); dispersal mechanisms (atmospheric, hydrologic and biotic vector transport); mobilization and uptake mechanisms (i.e., chemical and other factors affecting the biological availability of radioelements); and critical pathways. Examples are shown of confounding in food-chain pathways, due to uncritical application of concentration ratios. Current thoughts of replacing the critical pathways approach to calculating dose with comprehensive model calculations are also shown to be ill-advised, given present limitations in the comprehensive data base. The pathways models may also require improved parametrization, as they are not at present structured adequately to lend themselves to validation. The extremely wide errors associated with predicting exposure stand in striking contrast to the error range associated with the extrapolation of animal effects data to the human being.

show abstract

Section: Critical Pathway Considerations (Food Chains)mentioning

confidence: 77%

Problems in evaluating radiation dose via terrestrial and aquatic pathways.

Vaughan¹,

Soldat²,

Schreckhise³

et al. 1981

Environ Health Perspect

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Critical Pathway Considerations (Food Chains)mentioning

confidence: 77%

Problems in Evaluating Radiation Dose via Terrestrial and Aquatic Pathways

Vaughan¹,

Soldat²,

Schreckhise³

et al. 1981

Environmental Health Perspectives

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This review is concerned with exposure risk and the environmental pathways models used for predictive assessment of radiation dose. Exposure factors, the adequacy of available data, and the model subcomponents are critically reviewed from the standpoint of absolute error propagation. Although the models are inherently capable of better absolute accuracy, a calculated dose is usually overestimated by from two to six orders of magnitude, in practice. The principal reason for so large an error lies in using "generic" concentration ratios in situations where site specific data are needed.Major opinion of the model makers suggests a number midway between these extremes, with only a small likelihood of ever underestimating the radiation dose. Detailed evaluations are made of source considerations influencing dose (i.e., physical and chemical status of released material); dispersal mechanisms (atmospheric, hydrologic and biotic vector transport); mobilization and uptake mechanisms (i.e., chemical and other factors affecting the biological availability of radioelements); and critical pathways. Examples are shown of confounding in food-chain pathways, due to uncritical application of concentration ratios. Current thoughts of replacing the critical pathways approach to calculating dose with comprehensive model calculations are also shown to be ill-advised, given present limitations in the comprehensive data base. The pathways models may also require improved parametrization, as they are not at present structured adequately to lend themselves to validation. The extremely wide errors associated with predicting exposure stand in striking contrast to the error range associated with the extrapolation of animal effects data to the human being.

show abstract

“…It was concluded: “In view of the lack of effects on the thyroid gland invoked by lifetime exposures to 129 I, and considering the low specific activity of the radionuclide and the limited capacity of the thyroid gland for iodine, the hazard from 129 I appears to be extremely limited (Book 1983). ” Studies with the beagle dog using 129 I at the University of California–Davis suggested that feeding a diet that contained almost all 129 I did not result in enough radiation dose to the thyroid to increase the cancer incidence in the beagle dog (Book et al 1977). It was determined that because of the low specific activity, “…each 10-fold increase in iodine dosage caused an approximate 3-fold decrease in thyroidal uptake,” and “…a reduction in radiation dose per unit 129 I with increments in dosage would be expected” (Book et al 1977).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There was no excess thyroid cancer in adults. However, in dog studies it was determined that feeding pure 129 I did not induce any increase in thyroid cancer due to the long half-life and the resultant low specific activity of 129 I (Book 1977). Also, the large amount of nonradioactive iodine in the environment and diet acts as a competing source to dilute any radioactive 129 I to block uptake by the thyroid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiobiology of Select Radionuclides in Hanford Site Tank Waste

2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are several important radionuclides involved in the "clean-up" or environmental isolation of nuclear waste contained in US Department of Energy Hanford Site underground waste tanks that drive many of the decisions associated with this activity. To make proper human health risk analyses and ensure that the most appropriate decisions are made, it is important to understand the radiation biology and the human health risk associated with these radionuclides. This manuscript provides some basic radiological science, in particular radiation biology, for some of these radionuclides, i.e., 3 H, 90 Sr, 137 Cs, 99 Tc, 129 I, and the alpha emitters 239, 240 Pu, 233,234,235,238 U, and 241 Am. These radionuclides were selected based on their designation as "constituents of potential concern," historical significance, or potential impact on human health risk. In addition to the radiobiology of these select radionuclides, this manuscript provides brief discussions of the estimated cost of planned management of Hanford tank waste and a comparison with releases into the Techa River from activities associated with the Mayak Production Association. A set of summary conclusions of the potential human health risks associated with these radionuclides is given.

show abstract

Thyroidal Burdens of 129 from Various Dietary Sources

Cited by 6 publications

References 2 publications

Problems in evaluating radiation dose via terrestrial and aquatic pathways.

Problems in evaluating radiation dose via terrestrial and aquatic pathways.

Problems in Evaluating Radiation Dose via Terrestrial and Aquatic Pathways

Radiobiology of Select Radionuclides in Hanford Site Tank Waste

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About