Thyroid hormone and heart failure: from myocardial protection to systemic regulation

Sabatino, Laura; Iervasi, Giorgio; Pingitore, Alessandro

doi:10.1586/14779072.2014.957674

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…At CV level, TH regulate homeostasis mainly by influencing cardiac contractility and systemic vascular resistance. In chronic diseases, at systemic level, TH promote regenerative and reparative processes to compensate the systemic stress conditions ( Sabatino et al, 2014 ). In this perspective, TH play as multiple level regulators and, thus, have a relevant potential for innovative therapeutic approaches ( Pantos et al, 2007b , 2010 ).…”

Section: Ths and CV Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

et al. 2021

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The role of thyroid hormones (THs) in the cardiovascular (CV) system, through several direct and indirect effects is recognized. Even very small modification in TH levels (as those observed in subclinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, and low triiodothyronine syndrome) may adversely affect the CV system, whereas thyroid hormones benefit the CV system and improve the prognosis. There is also evidence of vitamin D effects on cardiometabolic disease (e.g., through modulation of endothelial and smooth muscle cell activity, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response), as well as an association between vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency and autoimmune thyroid diseases or cancer, and a relationship between vitamin D concentration and titers of antibodies and thyroid autoimmunity replacement. Interestingly, experimental data indicate a direct effect of vitamin D on Type 2 deiodinase expression causing subsequential peripheral conversion of T4 into T3. However, the functional links among THs, vitamin D and the cardiovascular system, and clinical effects of coexisting abnormalities in this new troublesome triad, have not yet been reviewed. The main aim of this review is to discuss pathophysiology of this relationship, proposing new mechanistic insights involving vitamin D in the modulation of cardiometabolic disease and thyroid profile.

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Section: Ths and CV Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

et al. 2021

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“…The combination of these effects on both the circulation and the heart itself results in an increase in cardiac output. Hyperthyroid patients exhibit a high cardiac output state, whereas hypothyroid patients display low cardiac output, decreased stroke volume, decreased vascular volume, and increased systemic vascular resistance [11, 12]. It is well accepted that both the direct regulation of target genes by TH and the indirect effects of TH on hemodynamics contribute to these changes [11–13].…”

Section: Thyroid Hormone and Its Action On Cardiac And Skeletal Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

microRNA and thyroid hormone signaling in cardiac and skeletal muscle

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2017

Cell Biosci

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Thyroid hormone (TH) signaling plays critical roles in the differentiation, growth, metabolism, and physiological function of all organs or tissues, including heart and skeletal muscle. Due to the significant progress in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie TH action, it’s widely accepted that TH signaling is regulated at multiple levels. A growing number of discoveries suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) act as fine-tune regulators of gene expression and adds sophisticated regulatory tiers to signaling pathways. Recently, some pioneering studies in cardiac and skeletal muscle demonstrating the interplay between miRNAs and TH signaling suggest that miRNAs might mediate and/or modulate TH signaling. This review presents recent advances involving the crosstalk between miRNAs and TH signaling and current evidence showing the importance of miRNA in TH signaling with particular emphasis on the study of muscle-specific miRNAs (myomiRs) in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Although the research of the reciprocal regulation of miRNAs and TH signaling is only at the beginning stage, it has already contributed to our current understanding of both TH action and miRNA biology. We also encourage further investigations to address the relative contributions of miRNAs in TH signaling under physiological and pathological conditions and how a group of miRNAs are coordinated to integrate into the complex hierarchical regulatory network of TH.

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“…T3 and T4 reduce fibrosis by decreasing interstitial collagen and reduce the incidence and duration of arrhythmias via remodeling ion channel expression and function. TH restores metabolic function and also improves blood flow both by direct effects on the vessel architecture and decreasing atherosclerosis [20]. Finally, TH directly affects cardiac myocytes by regulating genes important for myocardial contraction and electrochemical signaling, including positively regulating of SERCA, α-myosin heavy chain, β1-adrenergic receptors, guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins, Na…”

Section: Cardiovascular Involvement In Hyperthyroidismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Thyroid Hormones in Different Aspects of Cardiovascular System

Hernando¹

2015

Endocrinol Metab Synd

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Besides its metabolic and thermoregulatory tissue effects, thyroid hormones plays a fundamental role in the cardiovascular homeostasis, mediated by genomic and non-genomic effects. Consequently, thyroid hormones deficits, as well as excesses, are expected to result in profound changes in cardiac function regulation and cardiovascular hemodynamics. Hyperthyroidism induces a hyperdynamic cardiovascular state, which is associated with enhanced left ventricular systolic, diastolic function, and the chronotropic and inotropic properties of thyroid hormones. On the other hand; in a hypothyroid state, thyroid hormones deficiency results in lower heart rate and weakening of myocardial contraction and relaxation, with prolonged systolic and early diastolic times. Subclinical hypothyroidism is characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism and cardiac dysfunction; diastolic hypertension conferring an elevated risk of atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease. The risk of cardiovascular mortality and atrial fibrillation [but not other outcomes] in subclinical hyperthyroidism is higher among patients with very low levels of thyrotropin. Finally, medications such as amiodarone may induce hypothyroidism [mediated by the Wolff-Chaikoff] as well as hyperthyroidism [mediated by the Jod-Basedow effect]. In both instances, the underlying cause is the high concentration of iodine in this medication.

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Thyroid hormone and heart failure: from myocardial protection to systemic regulation

Cited by 17 publications

References 69 publications

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

microRNA and thyroid hormone signaling in cardiac and skeletal muscle

Role of Thyroid Hormones in Different Aspects of Cardiovascular System

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